Türkiye’de Yetişkinlerde Uyku Örüntüsü ve Hipertansiyon: Ulusal Temsiliyeti Hedefleyen Türkiye Genel Sosyal Araştırması 2024 bulguları

Öz

Çalışma, Türkiye Genel Sosyal Araştırması (TGSS) 2024 verilerinden elde edilen 1.653 yetişkinden oluşan tam veri analitik örneklemde, çok boyutlu uyku örüntüleri ile hekim tarafından tanı konduğu bildirilen hipertansiyon arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemiştir. Uyku örüntüleri; uyku süresi, uyku güçlüğü ve algılanan uyku kalitesi bileşenlerinden elde edilmiştir. Düşük riskli uyku bileşenlerinden 0-1, 2 ve 3 puan alan katılımcılar sırasıyla kötü (%40,7), orta (%33,3) ve sağlıklı (%26,0) uyku örüntüsüne sahip olarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Genel hipertansiyon prevalansı %20,3 olup, sağlıklı uykuya sahip olanlarda %14,5’ten kötü uykuya sahip olanlarda %24,7’ye doğru kademeli olarak artış göstermiştir. Çok değişkenli lojistik regresyon analizi, yaş, cinsiyet, eğitim, obezite, diyabet, sigara, alkol ve fiziksel egzersize göre düzeltme yapıldıktan sonra, sağlıklı uykuyla karşılaştırıldığında kötü uykunun daha yüksek hipertansiyon olasılığı ile anlamlı düzeyde ilişkili olduğunu göstermiştir (OR; %95 GA: 2,50; 1,72-3,63). Tam düzeltilmiş bu modelde orta düzey uyku da anlamlı bir ilişki göstermiştir (1,70; 1,15-2,51). Ayrıca, hane halkı geliri ve psikolojik sıkıntının da eklendiği genişletilmiş duyarlılık modelinde orta düzey uykunun etkisi zayıflasa da, kötü uyku ile hipertansiyon arasındaki ilişki gücünü korumuştur (1,81; 1,20-2,74). İBBS-1 bölgelerine göre yapılan tanımlayıcı analizlerde, hipertansiyon prevalansının %14,0 ile %27,3 arasında, kötü uyku prevalansının ise %32,7 ile %50,5 arasında değiştiği görülmüştür. Sonuç olarak, Türkiye’deki yetişkinlerde kötü uyku örüntüleri, çeşitli demografik, klinik ve yaşam tarzı faktörlerinden bağımsız olarak hipertansiyon ile ilişkilidir. Bu bulgular, toplum tabanlı hipertansiyon araştırmalarında çok boyutlu uyku sağlığının değerlendirilmesinin kritik önemini vurgulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Uyku paterni
• hipertansiyon
• uyku süresi
• uyku kalitesi
• epidemiyoloji
• Türkiye

Destekleyen Kurum

Bu araştırma; kamu, ticari veya kâr amacı gütmeyen sektörlerdeki hiçbir fon sağlayıcı kuruluştan özel bir hibe almamıştır.

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışmada kamuya açık, anonimleştirilmiş anket verileri kullanılmıştır. Bu nedenle, kurumsal politikalar uyarınca etik onaya gerek duyulmamıştır.

Teşekkür

Yazar, Türkiye Genel Sosyal Anketi (TGSS) veri setini geliştiren ve kamuya açık hale getiren araştırmacılara teşekkürlerini sunar.

Sleep Pattern and Hypertension Among Adults in Türkiye: Findings From The Nationally Representative Türkiye General Social Survey 2024

Öz

This cross-sectional study examined the association between multidimensional sleep patterns and self-reported physician-diagnosed hypertension in a complete-case analytic sample of 1,653 adults from the Turkish General Social Survey 2024, a national population-based survey. Sleep patterns were derived from sleep duration, sleep difficulty, and perceived sleep quality. Participants scoring 0-1, 2, and 3 low-risk sleep components were classified as having poor (40.7%), intermediate (33.3%), and healthy (26.0%) sleep patterns, respectively. The overall hypertension prevalence was 20.3%, increasing progressively from 14.5% among those with healthy sleep to 24.7% among those with poor sleep. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that, compared to healthy sleep, poor sleep was significantly associated with higher odds of hypertension (OR; 95% CI: 2.50; 1.72-3.63) after adjusting for age, sex, education, obesity, diabetes, smoking, alcohol, and physical exercise. Intermediate sleep also showed a significant association (1.70; 1.15-2.51) in this fully adjusted model. Furthermore, the association between poor sleep and hypertension remained robust (1.81; 1.20-2.74) even in an extended sensitivity model that additionally accounted for household income and psychological distress, though the effect of intermediate sleep was attenuated. Descriptive analysis across NUTS-1 regions showed hypertension prevalence ranging from 14.0% to 27.3% and poor sleep prevalence from 32.7% to 50.5%. Ultimately, poor sleep patterns are independently associated with hypertension among adults in Türkiye, persisting across diverse demographic, clinical, and lifestyle adjustments. These findings highlight the critical importance of evaluating multidimensional sleep health in population-based hypertension research.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• sleep pattern
• sleep duration
• sleep quality
• hypertension
• epidemiology
• Türkiye

Destekleyen Kurum

This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

Etik Beyan

This study used publicly available anonymized survey data. Therefore, ethical approval was not required in accordance with institutional policies.

Teşekkür

The author would like to thank the researchers who developed and made publicly available the Turkish General Social Survey (TGSS) dataset.

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