INTERNET ADDICTION INCREASES AMONG HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS ESPECIALLY AMONG FEMALE STUDENTS IN MERSIN TURKEY

Öz

The present study aimed to show the change in the prevalence of internet addiction detected among high school students from data collected in 2012 to that collected in 2016. This cross-sectional study was conducted in 13 high schools in 2016. The prevalence of internet addiction in 2012 and 2016 was compared using the Z-test. The risk factors for internet addiction were determined using Binary Logistic Regression analysis. The study population consisted of 1061 students, 531 of which were female (50.1%). Of the 1061 students, 234 (22.1%) had an internet addiction (18.9% in males, 25.2% in females, p<0.05). In comparison with the data collected in 2012, the prevalence of internet addiction in male students had not changed in the four years, while it had changed dramatically in female students (p<0.001). Internet addiction was influenced 1.76 times by female students, 2.08 times by gaming, and 1.4 times by an increase in online applications. Internet addiction among high school students increased from 2012 to 2016 in the evaluated schools. The main factor for this is the increase in the internet addictionin female students.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Adolecent,internet,internet addiction

İNTERNET BAĞIMLILIĞI LİSE ÖĞRENCİLERİ ARASINDA ÖZELLİKLE KIZLAR ARASINDA ARTMAKTADIR

Öz

Çalışma 2012’den 2016’ya lise öğrencileri arasında internet bağımlılığındaki değişimi araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır.Kesitsel tipte planlanan çalışma 2016 yılında 13 lisede yapıldı. 2012 ve 2016 internet bağımlılığı prevelansı Z testi kullanılarak karşılaştırıldı. İnternet bağımlılığı ile ilişkili risk faktörleri Binary Logistik Regresyon analizi ile belirlendi. Çalışma grubu 531’i (%50.1) kız olmak üzere 1061 öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. 1061 öğrencinin 234’dünün (%22.1) internet bağımlısı idi (Erkeklerde %18.9, kızlarda %25.2, p<0.05)). 2012’de toplanan very ile karşılaştırıldığında, geçen dört yılda kız öğrencilerde internet bağımlılığı prevelansı dramtik bir şekilde artarken (p<0.001), erkek öğrencilerde değişmemişti. İnternet bağımlılığı kız öğrencilerde 1.76 kat, oyun oynayanlarda 2.08 kat ve online uygulama sayısı arttıkça 1.4 kat artmaktadır.2012 yılından 2016 yılına lise öğrencileri arasında internet bağımlılığı artmıştır. Bunun başlıca nedeni internet bağımlılığının kızlarda artmasıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ergen,internet,internet bağımlılığı

Kaynakça

1. 1- Young KS. Internet Addiction, A New Clinical Phenomenon and Its Consequences. American Behavioral Scientist, 2004;48(4):2004 402-415.
2. 2- Shek dtl, Yu l. Adolescent Internet Addiction in Hong Kong: Prevalence, Change, and Correlates. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol, 2016;(29):22-30. doi: 10.1016/j.jpag.2015.10.005
3. 3- Prabhakaran MC, Patel VR, Ganjiwale DJ, Nimbalkar MS. Factors associated with internet addiction among school-going adolescents in Vadodara. J Family Med Prim Care, 2016;5:765-9. doi:10.4103/2249-4863.201149
4. 4- Chen Y, Kang Y, Gong W, He L, Jin Y1 Zhu X, et al. Investigation on Internet addiction disorder in adolescents in Anhui, People’s Republic of China. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 2016;12:2233–2236. doi: 10.2147/NDT.S110156
5. 5- Cheng C, Li AY. Internet Addiction Prevalence and Quality of (Real) Life: A Meta-Analysis of 31 Nations Across Seven World Regions. Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 2014;17(12):755-760. doi: 10.1089/cyber.2014.0317
6. 6- Durkee T, Kaess M, Carli V, Parzer P, Wasserman C, et al. Prevalence of pathological internet use among adolescents in Europe: emographic and social factors. Addiction, 2012;107(12):2210-22. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.2012.03946.x
7. 7- Goel D, Subramanyam A, Kamath R. A study on the prevalence of internet addiction and its association with psychopathology in Indian adolescents. Indian J Psychiatry, 2013;55:140-3. doi: 10.4103/0019-5545.111451
8. 8- Jie T, Yizhen Y, Yukai D, Ying M, Dongying Z, et al. Prevalence of internet addiction and its association with stressful life events and psychological symptoms among adolescent internet users. Addictive Behaviors, 2014;39:744–747. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2013.12.010

9. 9- Johansson A, Götestam KG. Internet addiction: Characteristics of a questionnaire and prevalence in Norwegian youth (12–18 years). Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 2004;45:223–229.
10. 10- Kaess M, Parzer P, Brunner R, Koenig J, Durkee T, et al. Pathological Internet Use Is on the Rise Among European Adolescents. Journal of Adolescent Health, 2016;59:236-239. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.04.009
11. 11- Kawabe K, Horiuchi F, Ochi M, Oka Y, Ueno S. Internet addiction: Prevalence and relation with mental states in adolescents. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 2016;70:405–412. doi: 10.1111/pcn.12402
12. 12- Kormas G, Critselis E, Janikian M, Kafetzis D, Tsitsika A. Risk factors and psychosocial characteristics of potential problematic and problematic internet use among adolescents: A cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2011, 11:595. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-11-595
13. 13- Mei S, Yau YHC, Chai J, Guo J, Potenza MN. Problematic Internet use, well-being, self-esteem and self-control: Data from a high-school survey in China. Addictive Behaviors, 2016;61:74–79. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.05.009
14. 14- Muñoz-Miralles R, Ortega-González R, López-Morón MR, Batalla-Martínez C, Manresa JM et al. The problematic use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in adolescents by the cross sectional JOITIC study. BMC Pediatrics, 2016;16(1):140. doi: 10.1186/s12887-016-0674-y
15. 15- Poli R, Agrimi E. Internet addiction disorder: Prevalence in an Italian student population, Nordic Journal of Psychiatry, 2012;66(1):55-59. doi: 10.3109/08039488.2011.605169
16. 16- Strittmatter E, Parzer P, Brunner R, Fischer G, Durkee T et al. A 2‑year longitudinal study of prospective predictors of pathological Internet use in adolescents. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry, 2016;25:725–734. doi: 10.1007/s00787-015-0779-0
17. 17- Wu CST, Wong HT, Yu KF, Fok KW, Yeung SM, et al. Parenting approaches, family functionality, and internet addiction among Hong Kong adolescents. BMC Pediatrics, 2016;16:130. doi: 10.1186/s12887-016-0666-y
18. 18- Wang H, Zhou X, Lu C, Wu J, Deng X, et al. Problematic Internet Use in High School Students in Guangdong Province, China. PLoS ONE, 2011;6(5):e19660. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0019660
19. 19- Wu X, Chen X, Han J, Meng H, Luo J, et al. Prevalence and Factors of Addictive Internet Use among Adolescents in Wuhan, China: Interactions of Parental Relationship with Age and Hyperactivity-Impulsivity. PLoS ONE, 2013;8(4):e61782. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061782
20. 20- Wu XS, Zhang Z, Zhao F, Wang WJ, Li YF, et al. Prevalence of Internet addiction and its association with social support and other related factors among adolescents in China. Journal of Adolescence, 2016;52:103-111. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2016.07.012
21. 21- Yadav P, Banwari G, Parmar C, Maniar R. Internet addiction and its correlates among high school students: A preliminary study from Ahmedabad, India. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 2013;6:500–505. doi: 10.1016/j.ajp.2013.06.004
22. 22- Aktepe E, Olgaç-Dündar N, Soyöz Ö, Sönmez Y. Possible internet addiction in high school students in the city center of Isparta and associated factors: a cross-sectionalstudy. The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics, 2013;55:417-425
23. 23- Alpaslan AH, Koçak U, Avci K, Tas HU. The association between internet addiction and disordered eatingattitudes among Turkish high school students. Eat Weight Disord, 2015;20:441–448. doi: 10.1007/s40519-015-0197-9
24. 24- Kilic M, Avci D, Uzuncakmak T. Internet Addiction in High School Students in Turkey and Multivariate Analyses of the Underlying Fac. Journal of Addictions Nursing, 2016;27(1):39-46. doi: 10.1097/JAN.0000000000000110
25. 25- Koyuncu T, Unsal A, Arslantas D. Assessment of internet addiction and loneliness in secondary and high school students. JPMA, 2014;64(9):998-1002
26. 26- Seyrek S, Cop E, Sinir H, Ugurlu M, Şenel S. Factors associated with Internet addiction: Cross-sectional study of Turkish adolescents. Pediatrics International, 2017;59:218–222. doi: 10.1111/ped.13117
27. 27- Sasmaz T, Oner S, Kurt AO, Yapici G, Yazıcı AE, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of Internet addiction in high school students. European Journal of Public Health 2014;24(1): 15–20. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckt051
28. 28- Tsitsika A, Critselis E, Louizou A, Janikian M, Freskou A, et al. Determinants of Internet Addiction among Adolescents: A Case-Control Study. TheScientificWorldJOURNAL, 2011;11:866–874. doi: 10.1100/tsw.2011.85
29. 29- Koças F, Şaşmaz T. Internet addiction increases poor sleep qualitiy among high school students. Turk J Public Health 2019;16(3):167-177. doi: 10.20518/tjph.407717
30. 30- Canan F, Ataoglu A, Nichols LA, Yildirim T, Özturk Ö. Evaluation of psychometric properties of the ınternet addiction scale in a sample of Turkish high school students. Cyberpsychology, Behavıor, And Socıal Networkıng. 2010;13(3):317-21.
31. 31- Ko CH, Yen JY, Liu SC, Huang CF, Yen CF. The associations between aggressive behaviors and internet addiction and online activities in adolescents. J Adolesc Health 2009;44:598–605. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2008.11.011
32. 32- Yang SC, Tung CJ. Comparison of Internet addicts and non-addicts in Taiwanesehigh school. Comput Hum Behav, 2007;23:79–96.
33. 33- Cao F, Su L, Liu T, Gao X. The relationship between impulsivity and Internetaddiction in a sample of Chinese adolescents. Eur Psychiatry, 2007;22:466–71. doi: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2007.05.004
34. 34- Jang KS, Hwang SY, Cho| JY. Internet addiction and psychiatric symptoms amongKorean adolescents. J Sch Health, 2008;78:165–71. doi: 10.1111/j.1746-1561.2007.00279.x
35. 35- Johansson A, Go¨testam KG. Internet addiction: characteristics of a questionnaireand prevalence in Norwegian youth (12–18 years). Scand J Psychol, 2004;45:223–9. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9450.2004.00398.x
36. 36- Choi K, Son H, Park M, Han J, Kim K, et al. Internet overuse and excessive daytime sleepiness in adolescents. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci, 2009;63:455–62. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1819.2009.01925.x
37. 37- Yen JY, Ko CH, Yen CF, Wu HY, Yang MJ. The comorbid psychiatric symptoms of internet addiction: attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depression, social phobia and hostility. J Adolesc Health, 2007;41:93–8. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2007.02.002
38. 38- Cao H, Sun Y, Wan Y, Hao J, Tao F. Problematic Internet use in Chinese adolescents and its relation to psychosomatic symptoms and life satisfaction. BMC Public Health, 2011;11:802. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-11-802
39. 39- Chou C, Condron L, Belland JC. A review of the research on internet addiction. Educ Psychol Rev, 2005;17:363–88
40. 40- Widyanto L, Griffiths M. Internet addiction: a critical review. Int J Ment Health Addict, 2006;4:31–51. doi: 10.1089/cyber.2010.0151