ASSESSMENT OF TRANSMISSION AND RELATED FACTORS IN ASYMPTOMATIC COVID-19 CASES

Öz

COVID-19 (SARS CoV-2) pandemic is among the most important public health issues today, due to its prevalence and being an easily transmitted infection. The clinical picture of the infection can vary from asymptomatic to multiorgan dysfunction. The rate of cases with asymptomatic COVID-19 infection ranges in the literature in a spectrum of 17.9% to higher than 80.0%. An asymptomatic case can infect COVID-19 to large masses if precautions are not taken. In addition, there are uncertainties regarding the viral load, viral transmission patterns, and potential infectivity of patients in asymptomatic cases. Serological tests can monitor the effects of the disease on the immune system, but there is no clear consensus on the duration of immunity in individuals who have had the infection. Clarifying these uncertainties has an important place in the combat against the epidemic. In this article; studies on cases with asymptomatic COVID-19 infection were compiled, and issues related to the detection of the cases, their transmission levels, viral loads, and duration of transmission were discussed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• SARS-CoV-2
• asymptomatic
• symptomatic
• transmission
• Covid-19

ASEMPTOMATİK COVID-19 OLGULARINDA BULAŞTIRICILIĞIN VE İLİŞKİLİ FAKTÖRLERİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Öz

COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemisi; prevalansı, ciddi klinik sonuçları ve kolay bulaşan bir enfeksiyon olması nedeniyle günümüzün en öncelikli halk sağlığı sorunları arasında bulunmaktadır. Enfeksiyonun kliniği asemptomatik düzeyden çoklu organ yetmezliğine değişiklik göstermektedir. Araştırmalara göre COVID-19 enfeksiyonu geçirenlerin %17,9-%80,0’inin asemptomatik olgular olduğu bildirilmiştir. Asemptomatik olguların önlem alınmaması halinde COVID-19’u geniş kitlelere bulaştırma potansiyeli üzerine tartışmalar sürmektedir. Ayrıca asemptomatik olgularda hastaların viral yükü, viral bulaşma modelleri ve potansiyel enfektivitesi ile ilgili belirsizlikler mevcuttur. Serolojik testlerle hastalığın immün sistem üzerindeki etkileri izlenebilmektedir fakat enfeksiyonu geçiren bireylerde bağışıklık süresine ilişkin net bir uzlaşma sağlanamamıştır. Bu belirsizliklerin açığa kavuşturulması salgınla mücadele açısından önemli bir yere sahiptir.
Bu makalede; COVID-19 enfeksiyonunu asemptomatik olarak geçiren olgularla ilgili yapılmış olan araştırmalar
derlenerek olguların tespiti, hastalığı bulaştırma düzeyleri, viral yükleri, bulaştırıcılık süreleri ve potansiyel enfektiviteleri
ile ilgili konular tartışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• SARS-CoV-2
• asemptomatik
• semptomatik
• bulaştırıcılık
• Covid-19

Kaynakça

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