A Comparative Analysis of Classical Statistics and Data Science in Academic and Scientific Research

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2, 263 - 289, 31.12.2025

Murat Şengöz

https://doi.org/10.51725/etad.1617560

Öz

This review explores the evolving relationship between classical statistics and data science in academic and scientific research. Classical statistics offers a rigorous foundation for hypothesis testing, inferential analysis, and structured data interpretation. In contrast, data science incorporates computational tools, such as machine learning and big data analytics, to handle complex, high-volume, and unstructured data. The paper highlights key methodological differences and areas of overlap between the two fields, particularly in relation to model interpretation, predictive accuracy, and decision-making. It proposes a hybrid analytical approach that combines the theoretical depth of classical statistics with the scalability and flexibility of data science. This integrated perspective enhances the reliability, applicability, and efficiency of data analysis across various research settings. By synthesizing relevant literature and practices, the article contributes to ongoing discussions on methodological integration and offers practical insights for researchers and policymakers addressing contemporary data challenges.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Classical Statistics , Data Science , Data Analysis

Akademik ve Bilimsel Araştırmalarda Klasik İstatistik ve Veri Bilimi Üzerine Mukayeseli Bir Analiz

Öz

Bu derleme, akademik ve bilimsel araştırmalarda klasik istatistik ile veri bilimi arasındaki gelişen ilişkiyi incelemektedir. Klasik istatistik, hipotez testleri, çıkarımsal analiz ve yapılandırılmış veri yorumlaması için sağlam bir temel sunar. Buna karşılık, veri bilimi; makine öğrenmesi ve büyük veri analitiği gibi hesaplamalı araçları kullanarak karmaşık, yüksek hacimli ve yapılandırılmamış verileri işler. Makale, özellikle model yorumlama, öngörü doğruluğu ve karar verme süreçleri açısından iki alan arasındaki temel yöntemsel farklılıkları ve örtüşen noktaları vurgular. Klasik istatistiğin kuramsal derinliği ile veri biliminin ölçeklenebilirlik ve esnekliğini birleştiren hibrit bir analiz yaklaşımı önerilir. Bu bütünleşik bakış açısı, veri analizinin güvenilirliğini, uygulanabilirliğini ve verimliliğini farklı araştırma alanlarında artırmaktadır. İlgili literatür ve uygulamaların sentezi yoluyla makale, yöntemsel entegrasyon üzerine süregelen tartışmalara katkıda bulunmakta ve günümüzün veri odaklı sorunlarıyla ilgilenen araştırmacılar ile politika yapıcılara pratik içgörüler sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Klasik İstatistik , Veri Bilimi , Veri Analizi

Kaynakça

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