ERKEN ÇOCUKLUK DÖNEMİNDE ÜSTÜN YETENEKLİ ÇOCUKLAR VE OYUN

Öz

Erken çocukluk yıllarının en temel gereksinimlerinden biri oyundur. Oyun çocuğa kendini en iyi ifade edebileceği, özgür, doğal ve aktif öğrenebileceği bir ortam ve kendi ilgi ve yeteneklerinin keşfetme ve geliştirme olanağı sağlar. Çocuğun gelişiminde önemli bir yere sahip olan oyun, onları en doğal haliyle tanımaya ve gelişimlerini değerlendirmeye yardımcı olur.  Derleme çalışması niteliğinde olan bu makalede, erken çocukluk dönemindeki üstün yetenekli çocukların, sahip olduğu özellikler göz önünde bulundurularak oyunun bu çocukların gelişimindeki önemi literatürdeki araştırmalar dikkate alınarak açıklanmaya çalışılmıştır. Yapılan az sayıdaki araştırma sonucu üstün yetenekli çocukların asenkronik (eşzamansız) gelişim özellikleri nedeniyle normal gelişim gösteren akranları tarafından oyun gruplarından dışlanma riski ile karşı karşıya olduklarını göstermektedir. Bu çalışmanın, Türkiye'de erken çocukluk dönemi üstün yetenekli çocukların gelişimini destekleme konusunda oyunun tüm çocukların gelişimleri üzerindeki tartışmasız önemini akılda tutarak onların potansiyellerini en üst noktada ortaya koyabilmelerini sağlamak ve diğer akranları ile sağlıklı iletişim kurmalarını desteklemek amacıyla öğretmenlere yol gösterici olacağı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Üstün yetenek,Erken çocukluk dönemi,Oyun,Eşzamansız gelişim

GIFTED CHILDREN IN THE EARLY CHILDHOOD PERIOD AND PLAY

Öz

Playing is one of the basic needs of the early childhood years. Play provides children with an environment in which they can express themselves in the best way, learn freely, naturally and actively, and it creates an opportunity for them to discover and improve their own interests and skills. Play, which is also important for the development of children, helps to get to know children in their most natural way and evaluate their developments. Being a compilation study, this article attempts to disclose the importance of play in the development of the gifted children in the early childhood period by considering the qualities they possess and also by taking the previous studies in the literature into consideration. A small number of research findings show that gifted children are confronted with the risk of being excluded from play groups by their normally growing peers due to their asynchronous developmental characteristics. This study is thought to guide teachers in Turkey for helping the gifted children in early childhood period perform their potential at the highest point and supporting them to communicate with other peers, keeping in mind the undisputed importance of play in the development of all children.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Giftedness,Early childhood period,Play,Asynchronous development

Kaynakça

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