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DÖNÜT YARAR ALGISI ÖLÇEĞİ’NİN TÜRKÇEYE UYARLANMASI: GEÇERLİK VE GÜVENİRLİK ÇALIŞMASI

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 1, 1 - 20, 13.01.2026
https://doi.org/10.17943/etku.1682374

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Hattie ve Timperley'in (2007) kavramsal çerçevede dönüt türleri ve düzeylerini içeren modeline dayalı olarak, Brooks ve diğerleri (2019) tarafından geliştirilen Öğrenci Dönüt Algı Ölçeği’nin görev düzeyi bölümünün Türkçeye uyarlamaktır. Çalışma grubunu 165 lisans ve lisansüstü öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Beşli Likert tipinde hazırlanan Görev Düzeyi Öğrenci Dönüt Yarar Algısı Ölçeği 10 maddeden oluşmaktadır. Uyarlama sürecinde, dilsel ve kültürel eşdeğerliği sağlanmak için ölçeğin çevirisi dil uzmanları tarafından doğrudan ve tersine çeviri yöntemleriyle gerçekleştirilmiş, alan uzmanlarının değerlendirmeleri doğrultusunda gerekli düzenlemeler yapılarak, çeviri aşaması tamamlanmıştır. Ölçeğin anlaşılırlığını ve uygulanabilirliğini değerlendirmek amacıyla hedef kitleyi temsil eden beş öğrenciden görüş alınmış, ardından 15 kişilik bir grupla pilot uygulama gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliğini test etmek amacıyla Açımlayıcı faktör analizi (AFA) ve Doğrulayıcı faktör analizi (DFA) uygulanmıştır. AFA sonuçları, ölçeğin orjinali ile tutarlı şekilde, tek faktörlü bir yapıya sahip olduğunu göstermiş ve faktör yüklerinin 0.678 ile 0.817 arasında değiştiği görülmüştür. DFA sonuçlarına göre, modelin uyum indeksleri kabul edilir seviye (x²/df=2,05; RMSEA=0,08; NFI=0,929; CFI=0,961; GFI=0,936; AGFI=0,878) olduğu bulunmuştur. Güvenirlik analizleri sonucunda, iç tutarlılık katsayısı Cronbach’s Alpha 0.897, iki yarı test güvenirlik katsayısı ise 0.870 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Bu sonuçlar, ölçeğin yüksek düzeyde güvenilirliğe sahip olduğunu ve geçerli bir ölçme aracı olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Bayrak, F., & Yurdugül, H. (2015). E-değerlendirme ve e-dönüt. Editör B. Akkoyunlu, A. İşman ve H. F. Odabaşı, Eğitim Teknolojileri Okumaları, 1(449-468). Ankara: TOJET.
  • Beltran, J. C. (2021). Students’ perception on the presence of effective feedback practices in online distance learning [Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Gokongwei Brothers School of Education and Learning Design]. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.22342.40009
  • Beydoğan, H. Ö. (2016). Öğretmen adaylarına yönelik dönüt–düzeltme algı ölçeği. Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Kırşehir Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 17(2), 297–314.
  • Brooks, C., Burton, R., Van der Kleij, F., Ablaza, C., Carroll, A., Hattie, J., & Garcia Salinas, J. (2024). “It actually helped”: students’ perceptions of feedback helpfulness prior to and following a teacher professional learning intervention. Frontiers in Education, 9(1433184). https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2024.1433184
  • Brooks, C., Huang, Y., Hattie, J, Carroll, A., & Burton, R. (2019). What is my next step? School students’ perceptions of feedback. Frontiers in Education, 4(96),1-14. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2019.00096
  • Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternative ways of assessing model fit. Editör Bollen & J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing structural equation models (pp. 136-162). Sage.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2019). Sosyal Bilimler için Veri Analizi El Kitabı. Pegem Akademi.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş., & Demirel, F. (2019). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri (26. baskı). Pegem Akademi.
  • Carless, D., & Boud, D. (2018). The development of student feedback literacy: Enabling uptake of feedback. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 43(8), 1315–1325. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2018.1463354
  • Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G. ve Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2023). Sosyal bilimler için çok değişkenli istatistik SPSS ve Lisrel uygulamaları. Pegem Akademi.
  • Deniz, Z. (2007). The adaptation of psychological scales. Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 40(1), 1–16.
  • Fisher D & Frey N. (2009). Feed up, back, forward. Educational Leadership, 67(3), 20-25.
  • Hambleton, R. K. & Patsula, L. (1999). Increasing the validity of adapted tests: Myths to be avoided and guidelines for improving test adaptation practices. Journal of Applied Testing Technology. 1(1), 1-30.
  • Hattie, J., & Clarke, S. (2019). Visible learning feedback. Routledge
  • Hattie, J., & Gan, M. (2011). Instruction based on feedback. Handbook of research on learning and instruction (pp. 249–271). Routledge.
  • Hattie, J., & Timperley, H. (2007). The power of feedback. Review of Educational Research, 77(1), 81–112. https://doi.org/10.3102/003465430298487
  • Kaiser, H. F. (1974). An index of factorial simplicity. Psychometrika, 39(1), 31–36. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02291575
  • King, P. E., Schrodt, P., & Weisel, J. J. (2009). The instructional feedback orientation scale: Conceptualizing and validating a new measure for assessing perceptions of instructional feedback. Communication Education, 58(2), 235–261.
  • de Kleijn, R. A. M. (2014). Master’s thesis supervision: Feedback, interpersonal relationships and adaptivity (Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Utrecht University). Utrecht University Repository.
  • Kluger, A. N., & Denisi, A. (1996). The effects of feedback interventions on performance: A historical review, a meta-analysis, and a preliminary feedback intervention theory. Psychological Bulletin, 119(2), 254–284. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.119.2.254
  • Lizzio, A., & Wilson, K. (2008). Feedback on assessment: Students’ perceptions of quality and effectiveness. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 33(3), 263–275. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602930701292548
  • Moni, A., Martínez-Argüelles, M.-J., & Serradell-López, E. (2024). Exploring feedback design perceptions and relationships with scores in the online component of an EAP-blended course. Applied Sciences, 14(24), 11554. https://doi.org/10.3390/app142411554
  • Narciss, S., & Huth, K. (2002). How to design informative tutoring feedback for multi-media learning. Editör H. M. Niegemann, D. Leutner, & R. Brunken, Instructional design for multimedia learning, 181–195. Waxmann.
  • Pokorny, H., & Pickford, P. (2010). Complexity, cues and relationships: Student perceptions of feedback. Active Learning in Higher Education. 11 (1), 21-30. https://doi.org/10.1177/1469787409355872
  • Rahaman, I. A. (2024). Students’ perceptions of the usefulness of formative feedback in mathematics lessons. Open Journal of Educational Research, 4(6), 353–364.
  • Sadler, D. R. (1989). Formative assessment and the design of instructional systems. Instructional Science, 18(2), 119–144. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00117714
  • Schermelleh-Engel, K., Moosbrugger, H., & Muller H. (2003). Evaluating the fit of structural equation models: Tests of significance and goodness-of-fit models. Methods of Psychological Research Online, 8, 23-74.
  • Schartel, S. A. (2012). Giving feedback – An integral part of education. Best Practice & Research Clinical Anaesthesiology, 26(1), 77–87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpa.2012.02.003
  • Shute, V. J. (2008). Focus on formative feedback. Review of Educational Research, 78(1), 153–189. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654307313795
  • Strijbos, J.-W., Pat-El, R., & Narciss, S. (2021). Structural validity and invariance of the Feedback Perceptions Questionnaire. Studies in Educational Evaluation, 68, 100980.
  • Sümer, N. (2000). Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi: Temel kavramlar ve uygulama alanları. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları, 3(6), 49-74.
  • Şat, M. (2017). Development and validation of formative feedback perceptions scale in project courses for undergraduate students. Journal of Education and Future, 12, 117-135.
  • Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2020). Çok değişkenli istatistiklerin kullanımı. Editör M. Baloğlu. Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Van der Kleij, F. M., Adie, L. E., & Cumming J. J. (2019). A meta-review of the student role in feedback. International Journal of Educational Research, 98, 303-323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2019.09.005
  • Wisniewski, B., Zierer, K., & Hattie, J. (2020). The power of feedback revisited: A meta-analysis of educational feedback research. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, Article 3087. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.03087
  • Winstone, N., Boud, D., Dawson, P., Heron, M. (2022). From feedback-as-information to feedback-as-process: a linguistic analysis of the feedback literature. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 47(2), 213–230.
  • Zarrinabadi, N., & Rezazadeh, M. (2023). Why only feedback? Including feed up and feed forward improves non-linguistic aspects of L2 writing. Language Teaching Research, 27(3), 575–592.

ADAPTATION OF THE FEEDBACK PERCEPTION SCALE TO TURKISH: A VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY STUDY

Yıl 2026, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 1, 1 - 20, 13.01.2026
https://doi.org/10.17943/etku.1682374

Öz

The aim of this study is to adapt the task-level section of the Student Feedback Perception Scale into Turkish, originally developed by Brooks et al. (2019) based on Hattie and Timperley’s (2007) conceptual framework, which includes types and levels of feedback. The study group consists of 165 undergraduate and graduate students. The Student Feedback Perception Scale, prepared in a five-point Likert format, consists of 10 items. In the adaptation process, linguistic and cultural equivalence was ensured through both forward translation and back translation methods carried out by language experts, and necessary revisions were made based on evaluations by subject matter experts, completing the translation phase. To assess the clarity and applicability of the scale, feedback was obtained from five students representing the target group, followed by a pilot study conducted with a group of 15 students. In order to test the construct validity of the scale, both Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) were conducted. The results of the EFA indicated that the scale had a single-factor structure consistent with the original version, with factor loadings ranging between 0.678 and 0.817. According to the CFA results, the model fit indices were found to be at an acceptable level (χ²/df = 2.05; RMSEA = 0.08; NFI = 0.929; CFI = 0.961; GFI = 0.936; AGFI = 0.878). Reliability analyses showed that the internal consistency coefficient, Cronbach's Alpha, was calculated as 0.897, and the split-half reliability coefficient was 0.870. These results indicate that the scale demonstrates a high level of reliability and can be considered a valid instrument for measurement purposes.

Kaynakça

  • Bayrak, F., & Yurdugül, H. (2015). E-değerlendirme ve e-dönüt. Editör B. Akkoyunlu, A. İşman ve H. F. Odabaşı, Eğitim Teknolojileri Okumaları, 1(449-468). Ankara: TOJET.
  • Beltran, J. C. (2021). Students’ perception on the presence of effective feedback practices in online distance learning [Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Gokongwei Brothers School of Education and Learning Design]. https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.22342.40009
  • Beydoğan, H. Ö. (2016). Öğretmen adaylarına yönelik dönüt–düzeltme algı ölçeği. Ahi Evran Üniversitesi Kırşehir Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 17(2), 297–314.
  • Brooks, C., Burton, R., Van der Kleij, F., Ablaza, C., Carroll, A., Hattie, J., & Garcia Salinas, J. (2024). “It actually helped”: students’ perceptions of feedback helpfulness prior to and following a teacher professional learning intervention. Frontiers in Education, 9(1433184). https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2024.1433184
  • Brooks, C., Huang, Y., Hattie, J, Carroll, A., & Burton, R. (2019). What is my next step? School students’ perceptions of feedback. Frontiers in Education, 4(96),1-14. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2019.00096
  • Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternative ways of assessing model fit. Editör Bollen & J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing structural equation models (pp. 136-162). Sage.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2019). Sosyal Bilimler için Veri Analizi El Kitabı. Pegem Akademi.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş., & Demirel, F. (2019). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri (26. baskı). Pegem Akademi.
  • Carless, D., & Boud, D. (2018). The development of student feedback literacy: Enabling uptake of feedback. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 43(8), 1315–1325. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2018.1463354
  • Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G. ve Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2023). Sosyal bilimler için çok değişkenli istatistik SPSS ve Lisrel uygulamaları. Pegem Akademi.
  • Deniz, Z. (2007). The adaptation of psychological scales. Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 40(1), 1–16.
  • Fisher D & Frey N. (2009). Feed up, back, forward. Educational Leadership, 67(3), 20-25.
  • Hambleton, R. K. & Patsula, L. (1999). Increasing the validity of adapted tests: Myths to be avoided and guidelines for improving test adaptation practices. Journal of Applied Testing Technology. 1(1), 1-30.
  • Hattie, J., & Clarke, S. (2019). Visible learning feedback. Routledge
  • Hattie, J., & Gan, M. (2011). Instruction based on feedback. Handbook of research on learning and instruction (pp. 249–271). Routledge.
  • Hattie, J., & Timperley, H. (2007). The power of feedback. Review of Educational Research, 77(1), 81–112. https://doi.org/10.3102/003465430298487
  • Kaiser, H. F. (1974). An index of factorial simplicity. Psychometrika, 39(1), 31–36. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02291575
  • King, P. E., Schrodt, P., & Weisel, J. J. (2009). The instructional feedback orientation scale: Conceptualizing and validating a new measure for assessing perceptions of instructional feedback. Communication Education, 58(2), 235–261.
  • de Kleijn, R. A. M. (2014). Master’s thesis supervision: Feedback, interpersonal relationships and adaptivity (Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Utrecht University). Utrecht University Repository.
  • Kluger, A. N., & Denisi, A. (1996). The effects of feedback interventions on performance: A historical review, a meta-analysis, and a preliminary feedback intervention theory. Psychological Bulletin, 119(2), 254–284. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.119.2.254
  • Lizzio, A., & Wilson, K. (2008). Feedback on assessment: Students’ perceptions of quality and effectiveness. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 33(3), 263–275. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602930701292548
  • Moni, A., Martínez-Argüelles, M.-J., & Serradell-López, E. (2024). Exploring feedback design perceptions and relationships with scores in the online component of an EAP-blended course. Applied Sciences, 14(24), 11554. https://doi.org/10.3390/app142411554
  • Narciss, S., & Huth, K. (2002). How to design informative tutoring feedback for multi-media learning. Editör H. M. Niegemann, D. Leutner, & R. Brunken, Instructional design for multimedia learning, 181–195. Waxmann.
  • Pokorny, H., & Pickford, P. (2010). Complexity, cues and relationships: Student perceptions of feedback. Active Learning in Higher Education. 11 (1), 21-30. https://doi.org/10.1177/1469787409355872
  • Rahaman, I. A. (2024). Students’ perceptions of the usefulness of formative feedback in mathematics lessons. Open Journal of Educational Research, 4(6), 353–364.
  • Sadler, D. R. (1989). Formative assessment and the design of instructional systems. Instructional Science, 18(2), 119–144. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00117714
  • Schermelleh-Engel, K., Moosbrugger, H., & Muller H. (2003). Evaluating the fit of structural equation models: Tests of significance and goodness-of-fit models. Methods of Psychological Research Online, 8, 23-74.
  • Schartel, S. A. (2012). Giving feedback – An integral part of education. Best Practice & Research Clinical Anaesthesiology, 26(1), 77–87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpa.2012.02.003
  • Shute, V. J. (2008). Focus on formative feedback. Review of Educational Research, 78(1), 153–189. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654307313795
  • Strijbos, J.-W., Pat-El, R., & Narciss, S. (2021). Structural validity and invariance of the Feedback Perceptions Questionnaire. Studies in Educational Evaluation, 68, 100980.
  • Sümer, N. (2000). Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi: Temel kavramlar ve uygulama alanları. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları, 3(6), 49-74.
  • Şat, M. (2017). Development and validation of formative feedback perceptions scale in project courses for undergraduate students. Journal of Education and Future, 12, 117-135.
  • Tabachnick, B. G., & Fidell, L. S. (2020). Çok değişkenli istatistiklerin kullanımı. Editör M. Baloğlu. Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Van der Kleij, F. M., Adie, L. E., & Cumming J. J. (2019). A meta-review of the student role in feedback. International Journal of Educational Research, 98, 303-323. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2019.09.005
  • Wisniewski, B., Zierer, K., & Hattie, J. (2020). The power of feedback revisited: A meta-analysis of educational feedback research. Frontiers in Psychology, 10, Article 3087. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.03087
  • Winstone, N., Boud, D., Dawson, P., Heron, M. (2022). From feedback-as-information to feedback-as-process: a linguistic analysis of the feedback literature. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 47(2), 213–230.
  • Zarrinabadi, N., & Rezazadeh, M. (2023). Why only feedback? Including feed up and feed forward improves non-linguistic aspects of L2 writing. Language Teaching Research, 27(3), 575–592.
Toplam 37 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Öğretim Tasarımı, Öğretim Teknolojileri
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Nazife Arslan 0000-0003-4939-3872

Selay Arkün Kocadere 0000-0003-4984-6456

Gönderilme Tarihi 23 Nisan 2025
Kabul Tarihi 18 Ağustos 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 13 Ocak 2026
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2026 Cilt: 16 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Arslan, N., & Arkün Kocadere, S. (2026). DÖNÜT YARAR ALGISI ÖLÇEĞİ’NİN TÜRKÇEYE UYARLANMASI: GEÇERLİK VE GÜVENİRLİK ÇALIŞMASI. Eğitim Teknolojisi Kuram ve Uygulama, 16(1), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.17943/etku.1682374