İşgücü Verimliliğinin İnsani Gelişmişlik Endeksi ile İlişkisi: OECD Örneği

Yıl 2024, , 42 - 58, 31.05.2024

Dilek Özdemir , Çağla Nur Duman

https://doi.org/10.29157/etusbed.1462223

Öz

İşgücü verimliliği, bir işletmenin veya bir ekonominin başarısı için kritik öneme sahip olan bir kavramdır. Yetersiz işgücü verimliliği olan ekonomiler, global alanda rekabete girme potansiyelini elde edememişlerdir. İşgücü verimliliğinin nicelik ve nitelik açısından gelişmişlik seviyesi, toplumsal kalkınmanın yapı taşı olarak görülmektedir. İktisadi kalkınma kavramı ve işgücündeki verimliliği ülkeler arasındaki iktisadi, toplumsal, politik ve etnik ayrımlar yüzünden bir tek ölçütle ifade etmek mümkün görülmemektedir. İnsani gelişim sürecinde birey merkezli bir kapsamda insan potansiyellerini en verimli bir biçimde iyileştirilmesine ve kullanımına dair stratejiler oluşturulmaktadır. Çalışmada işgücü verimliliğinin insani gelişmişlik endeksi ile ilişkisinin saptanması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, 2011-2022 yılları arasında 38 OECD ülkesinde yapılan çalışmada bağımlı değişken işgücü verimliliği olarak belirlenmiş olup, anahtar açıklayıcı değişken insani gelişmişlik endeksi olarak kullanılmıştır. Kontrol açıklayıcı değişkenleri ise kişi başına yıllık ortalama çalışma saati ve global inovasyon endeksi olarak belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, aracılık etkisini ortaya koymak için insani gelişme endeksi ile global inovasyon endeksinin çarpımı modele eklenmiştir. Driscoll Kraay tahmin sonuçlarına göre, işgücü verimliliği ile insani gelişmişlik endeksi arasında pozitif, çalışma saati ile negatif bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, inovasyon endeksinin insani gelişme endeksiyle birlikte işgücü verimliliğini artırdığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İşgücü, Verimlilik, İnsani Gelişme Endeksi, Global İnovasyon Endeksi

The Relationship of Labor Efficiency and Human Development Index: The Case of OECD

Öz

Labor productivity is a concept critical to the success of a business or economy. Economies with insufficient labor productivity have been unable to achieve their potential in global competition. The level of development of labor productivity in terms of both quantity and quality is seen as a cornerstone of societal development. Due to economic, social, political, and ethnic distinctions among countries, it is not possible to express the concept of economic development and labor productivity with a single measure. Strategies are being developed within a framework centered on individuals in the process of human development to improve and utilize human potential most efficiently. The aim of the study is to determine the relationship between labor productivity and the Human Development Index. For this purpose, in 38 OECD countries between 2011 and 2022, with labor productivity as the dependent variable was determined as labor productivity, with the key explanatory variable being the Human Development Index. Control explanatory variables were set as annual average working hours per person and the global innovation index. Additionally, to demonstrate the mediating effect, the product of the Human Development Index and the global innovation index was added to the model. According to the Driscoll-Kraay estimation results, a positive relationship between labor productivity and the Human Development Index was identified, while a negative relationship with working hours was observed. Furthermore, it was concluded that the innovation index, along with the Human Development Index, increased labor productivity.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Labor, Productivity, Human Development Index, Global İnovation Index

Kaynakça

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