Comfort In Patients Receiving Hemodialysis Treatment: A Sample from Eastern of Türkiye

Öz

There may be many factors that ensure the comfort of hemodialysis treatment. A combination of disease, treatment complexes and general comforts can be found. It is important to regularly evaluate the comfort levels of hemodialysis patients. Determining the comfort level of hemodialysis patients can significantly improve the quality of nursing care. Chronic kidney disease, hemodialysis treatment, and associated symptoms can negatively impact comfort in hemodialysis patients. The aim of this study is to determine the comfort levels and associated factors of patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment. This descriptive and cross-sectional study was performed with 86 hemodialysis patients who received treatment in the dialysis unit of a state hospital in Bingöl, eastern Türkiye. The study data were obtained with the “Descriptive Data Form” and “Hemodialysis Comfort Scale Version II”. The average age of the participants was determined as 56.48±14.43. It was determined that the average score of the patients on the hemodialysis comfort scale was 74.97±17.28. Found that people receiving hemodialysis treatment through fistula have a higher level of comfort and difference makes sense (p<0.05). Necessary measures should be taken to increase the comfort levels of those receiving hemodialysis treatment. The comfort of these patients should be evaluated regularly. Our results indicate that hemodialysis patients’ needs to be improved. Factors that compromise comfort in hemodialysis patients should be identified, and comfort levels should be increased through planned nursing interventions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Chronic kidney failure
• patient comfort
• renal dialysis

Hemodiyaliz Tedavisi Alan Hastalarda Konfor: Türkiye'nin Doğusundan Bir Örnek

Öz

Hemodiyaliz tedavisinin konforunu sağlayan birçok faktör olabilir. Hastalık, tedavi kompleksleri ve genel konforun bir kombinasyonu bulunabilir. Hemodiyaliz hastalarında konfor düzeyinin düzenli olarak değerlendirilmesi önemlidir. Hemodiyaliz hastalarında konfor düzeyinin belirlenmesi hemşirelik bakımının kalitesini artırmaya yönelik önemli katkılar sağlayabilir. Hemodiyaliz hastalarında kronik böbrek hastalığı, hemodiyaliz tedavisi ve bunlara bağlı ortaya çıkan semptomlar konforu olumsuz etkileyebilir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, hemodiyaliz tedavisi gören hastaların konfor düzeylerini ve ilişkili faktörleri belirlemektir. Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipteki bu çalışma, Türkiye'nin doğusunda yer alan Bingöl ilindeki bir devlet hastanesinin diyaliz ünitesinde tedavi gören 86 hemodiyaliz hastası ile gerçekleştirildi. Çalışma verileri “Tanımlayıcı Bilgi Formu” ve “Hemodiyaliz Konfor Ölçeği Versiyon II” ile elde edildi. Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 56.48±14.43 olarak belirlendi. Hastaların hemodiyaliz konfor ölçeğinden aldıkları ortalama puanın 74.97±17.28 olduğu belirlendi. Fistül yoluyla hemodiyaliz tedavisi gören bireylerin konfor düzeyinin daha yüksek olduğu ve farkın anlamlı olduğu (p<0.05) belirlendi. Hemodiyaliz tedavisi görenlerin konfor seviyelerinin artırılması için gerekli önlemler alınmalıdır. Bu hastaların konforu düzenli olarak değerlendirilmelidir. Sonuçlarımız hemodiyaliz hastalarının konforlarının geliştirilmesi gerektiğine işaret etmektedir. Hemodiyaliz tedavisi alan hastalarda konforu bozan etmenler belirlenmeli ve konfor düzeyleri planlı hemşirelik girişimleri ile artırılmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kronik böbrek yetmezliği
• hasta konforu
• böbrek diyalizi

Kaynakça

1. Kolcaba KY. A theory of holistic comfort for nursing. J Adv Nurs. 1994;19(6):1178-1184. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2648.1994.tb01202.x.
2. Lin Y, Zhou Y, Chen C. Interventions and practices using Comfort Theory of Kolcaba to promote adult’s comfort: an evidence and gap map protocol of international effectiveness studies. Syst Rev. 2023;12(1):33. doi:10.1186/s13643-023-02202-8.
3. Kolcaba K. Comfort Theory and Practice: A Vision for Holistic Health Care and Research. New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company; 2003.
4. Demir Çam S, Uzun S. Bio-Psychosocial Dimension of Hemodialysis and Spiritual Coping Strategies: A Phenomenological Study on Patient Experiences in Türkiye. J Relig Health. 2025;64:2525-2541. doi:10.1007/s10943-024-02219-w.
5. Sułkowski L, Matyja A, Matyja M. Social Support and Quality of Life in Hemodialysis Patients: A Comparative Study with Healthy Controls. Medicina (Kaunas). 2024;60(11):1732. doi:10.3390/medicina60111732.
6. Ge WW, Zhang HL, Liu P. et al. Current status and influencing factors of social participation in patients undergoing maintenance haemodialysis: a Cross-sectional study following the international classification of functioning, disability, and health framework. BMC Nephrol. 2025;26:116. doi:10.1186/s12882-025-04044-z.
7. Registry of the Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation in Turkey [Internet]. Available from: https://nefroloji.org.tr/uploads/pdf/REGISTRY2022_web.pdf. Accessed: 2024 Nov 23.
8. Yamada S, Tsuruya K, Kitazono T, Nakano T. Emerging cross-talks between chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) and malnutrition-inflammation complex syndrome (MICS) in patients receiving dialysis. Clin Exp Nephrol. 2022;26(7):613-629. doi:10.1007/s10157-022-02216-x.

9. Dikmen RD, Aslan H. The effects of the symptoms experienced by patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment on their comfort levels. J Clin Nephrol Ren Care. 2020;6:1-9. doi:10.23937/2572-3286.1510060.
10. Jarvis JM, Huntington T, Perry G, et al. Supporting families during pediatric critical illness: opportunities identified in a multicenter, qualitative study. J Child Health Care. 2024;28(3):624-636. doi:10.1177/13674935231154829.
11. Kacaroğlu Vicdan A. The effect of training given to hemodialysis patients according to the comfort theory. Clin Nurse Spec. 2020;34(1):30-37. doi:10.1097/NUR.0000000000000495.
12. Kosar Sahin C, Cinar Pakyuz S. A scale development study: Hemodialysis comfort scale version II. J Res Nurs. 2022;27(5):449-464. doi:10.1177/17449871211041834.
13. Alkın Demir C, Özer Z. The relationship of symptoms and comfort in patients receiving hemodialysis. J Nephrol Nurs. 2022;17(1):10-27. doi:10.47565/ndthdt.2022.49.
14. Gülhan Güner S, Pehlivan Köksal Z, Sandıkçıoğlu Ş, Nural N. Comfort level of patients receiving hemodialysis treatment and affecting factors: description and cross-sectional study. Gobeklitepe Health Sci J. 2024;7(16). doi:10.5281/zenodo.13895488.
15. Kılıç Akça N, Baykan S. The relationship between pain and comfort in patients receiving hemodialysis. NefroHem Derg. 2024;19(2):63-72. doi:10.47565/ndthdt.2024.83.
16. Yanmış S, Mollaoğlu M. Comfort level of patients undergoing hemodialysis and associated factors in Turkey: a cross-sectional study. Niger J Clin Pract. 2024;27(6):779-784. doi:10.4103/njcp. njcp_890_23.
17. Bilgiç Ş, Cebeci SP. Relationship between stressors and comfort level in hemodialysis patients. Arch Health Sci Res. 2022;60:13-15. doi:10.54614/ArcHealthSciRes.2022.21146.
18. Debone MC, Pedruncci ESN, Candido MCP, Marques S, Kusumota L. Nursing diagnosis in older adults with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis. Rev Bras Enferm. 2017;70(4):800-805. doi:10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0117.
19. Melo GAA, Aguiar LL, Silva RA, Quirino GDS, Pinheiro AKB, Caetano JÁ. Factors related to impaired comfort in chronic kidney disease patients on hemodialysis. Rev Bras Enferm. 2019;72(4):889-895. doi:10.1590/0034-7167-2018-0120.
20. Wang L, Jia L, Jiang A. Pathology of catheter-related complications: what we need to know and what should be discovered. J Int Med Res. 2022;50(10):3000605221127890. doi:10.1177/03000605 221127890