Evaluation of Protein Oxidation in Bipolar Patients Taking Lithium and Valproat Treatment

Öz

In this study importance of advanced oxidation protein product (AOPP) levels in the determination of oxidative stress in the patients taking lithium, valproat treatment and healthy people was investigated. Forty bipolar patients (20 patients taking lithium and 20 patients taking valproat) and 20 healthy persons were included in this study. AOPP levels were measured with spectrophotometric methods. KruskalWallis test was used for statistical evaluation and p value less than 0.05 was accepted statistically significant. AOPP levels of bipolar patients were not found statistically significant when compared with control group (p>0.05). In conclusion; results were partially compatible with the results of other studies about increased oxidative stress in bipolar disorders. However, it was thought that oxidative stress could not completely explain the pathophysiology of bipolar disorders.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bipolar disorder, lithium, valproate, advanced protein oxidation product

LİTYUM VE VALPROAT ALAN BİPOLAR HASTALARDA PROTEİN OKSİDASYONUNUN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Öz

Bu çalışmada; sağlıklı kişiler ile, lityum ve valproat alan bipolar hastalarda oksidatif stresi değerlendirmek amacıyla protein ileri oksidasyon ürünü (AOPP) düzeyinin önemi araştırıldı. Lityum kullanan 20 hasta ile, valproat kullanan 20 hasta olmak üzere toplam 40 bipolar bozukluğu olan hasta ve 20 sağlıklı birey çalışmaya dahil edildi. AOPP düzeyi spektrofotometrik metodlarla ölçüldü. İstatistiksel değerlendirme için Kruskal-Wallis testi kullanıldı. 0.05’den küçük p değeri istatistiksel olarak anlamlı kabul edildi. Bipolar bozukluğu olan hastalarda ölçülen serum AOPP düzeyi kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldığında aralarında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmamıştır (p>0.05). Çalışmamızın sonucu, bipolar bozuklukta artmış oksidatif stresi gösteren diğer çalışmalarla kısmen uyumluluk gösterse de oksidatif stresin tam olarak bipolar bozukluk patofizyolojisini açıklamadığını düşündürmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Bipolar bozukluk, lityum, valproat, protein ileri oksidasyon ürünü

Kaynakça

1. Angst J, Ernst C. Current concepts of the classification of affective disorders. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 1993; 8: 211-215.
2. Schou M, Baastrup PC. Lithium treatment of manic depressive disorder. Dosage and control. JAMA 1967; 201:696-698.
3. Tondo L, Baldessarini RJ, Floris G. Long-term clinical effectiveness of lithium maintenance treatment in types I and II bipolar disorders. Br J Psychiatry 2001; 41: 184-190.
4. Bowden CL, Calabrase JR, McElroy SL, et al. A randomized, placebo-contolled 12- month trial of divalproex and lithium in treatment of outpatients with bipolar I disorder. Divalproex Maintanence Study Group. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2000; 57: 481- 489.
5. Emrich HM, Wolf R. Valproate treatment of mania. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 1992; 16: 691-701.
6. Jope RS. A bimodal model of the mechanism of action of lithium. Mol Psychiatry 1999; 4: 21-25.
7. Witko-Sarsat V, Friendlander M, Capeillere-Blandin C, et al. Advanced oxidation protein products as a novel marker of oxidative stres in uremia. Kidney Int 1996; 49: 1304-1313.
8. Mahadik SP, Mukherjee S. Free radical pathology and antioxidant defense in schizoprenia. Schizophr Res. 1996; 19: 1-17.

9. Bains JS, Shaw CA. Neurodegenerative disorders in humans: the role of glutathione in oxidative stres- mediated neuronal death. Brain Res 1997; 3: 335- 358.
10. Sarandöl E, Sarandöl A, Altın A, ve ark. Majör Depresif Bozukluk Oksidatif Stres ile Seyreder 19. Ulusal Biyokimya Kongresi Bildiri Kitabı, 2005; ss 22-25.
11. Maes M, de Vos N, Pioli R, et al. Lower serum vita- min E concentrations in major depression. Another marker of lowered antioxidant defenses in that illness. J Affect Disord 2000; 58: 24-26.
12. Keller RJ, Halmes NC, Hinson JA, et al. Immunochemical detection of oxidized proteins. Chem Res Toxicol 1993; 6: 430-433.
13. Akyol Ö. Oxidative stress in schizophrenia. Kocatepe Tıp Dergisi 2004; 4: 15-25.
14. Tsuboi H, Tatsumi A, Kinae N, et al. Possible connections among symptoms, lipid modulation and antioxidants Hamamatsu Japan 2005: 431-2102. depressive
15. Dubinina EE, Morozova MG, Leonova NV, et al. Oxidative modification of blood proteins in patient with depersonalization) ;Vopr Med Khim 2000; 46: 398- 409. (depression,
16. Conrad CC, Marshall PL, Talend JM, et al. Oxidized proteins in Alzheimer’s plasma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2000; 275: 678-681.
17. Smith MA, Richey PL, Taneda S, et al. Advanced Maillard reaction end products, free radicals, and protein oxidation in Alzheimer's disease. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1994; 738: 447-454.
18. Zafrilla P, Mulero J, Xandri JM, et al. Oxidative stress in Alzheimer patients in different stages of the disease Curr Med Chem 2006; 13:1075-1083.
19. Alam Z I, Daniel S E, Lees A J, et al. A generalised increase in protein carbonyls in the brain in Parkinson’ but not incidental Lewry Body Disease Journal of Neurochemistry 1997: 69: 1326-1329.
20. Guochuan Tsai MD, Donald C, et al. Markers of glutamatergic neurotransmission and oxidative stress associated with tardive dyskinesia Am J Psychiatry 1998; 155: 1207-1213.