Kapitalizm ve Ekolojik Felaketler: Caryl Churchill’in Escaped Alone Adlı Oyununun Ekososyalist Okuması

Öz

Bu çalışma Caryl Churchill’in Escaped Alone adlı oyununu eko-sosyalist bir perspektiften incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Günümüz dünyasında ekolojik dengenin bozulmasının yıkıcı sonuçları ciddi manada hissedilmekte ve insanlık için varoluşsal bir tehdit oluşturan çeşitli ekolojik çıkmazlara birçok edebi eser yer vermektedir. Escaped Alone isimli tiyatro eseri de bir istisna değildir. Bu eser ekolojiyi dikkate almayan kapitalist uygulamalar durdurulmadığı ve ekolojik bilince sahip olunmadığı takdirde insanlığı bekleyen olası ekolojik ve sosyal riskleri gözler önüne sermektedir. Bu bağlamda bu çalışma kapitalizmin ekolojik krizlerin oluşmasındaki rolünü tartışmak adına kayaların kayması, kuraklık, kimyasal sızıntı, pandemi ve söndürülemeyen yangınlar gibi hem insanları hem de insandışı varlıkları tahrip eden ekolojik felaketleri incelemektedir. Bu makale eko-sosyalizmin temel özelliklerini ifade ettikten sonra tiyatro eserindeki doğal kaynakların sistematik sömürüsünü, sınırları olmayan kâr arzusunu, ekolojiyi dikkate almayan kitlesel üretim ve tüketim süreçlerini ve insanların kapitalist sistemle birlikte yitirdikleri doğayla olan bağlarını mercek altına alarak kapitalizmin sosyal eşitsizliği nasıl daha da derinleştirdiğini ve gezegene ait kaynakları harap ettiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu çalışma ekolojik krizlerin kapitalist sistem tarafından tetiklenen sosyoekonomik problemlerden bağımsız olmadığını vurgulamaya çalışmaktadır. En önemlisi de bu çalışma tiyatro eserindeki ekolojik felaketlerle dolu anlatımın ekolojik sorunların kaynağını ortaya koymaya ve çevre bilinci olmayan seyircinin bilinçlenmesine önemli bir katkı sunduğunu vurgulamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• eko-sosyalizm
• ekolojik felaketler
• Caryl Churchill
• distopya

Capitalism and Ecological Disasters: An Eco-Socialist Reading of Caryl Churchill’s Escaped Alone

Öz

This study aims to analyse Escaped Alone by Caryl Churchill from an eco-socialist perspective. The devastating consequences of the impairment of ecological balance are considerably felt in the contemporary world, and several literary works are not indifferent to current ecological predicaments that constitute an existential threat to humanity. Escaped Alone is no exception, and the play presents potential ecological and social risks awaiting humanity unless eco-indifferent capitalist practices are halted. Accordingly, this essay examines the eco-catastrophic incidents such as rockfalls, aridity, chemical leaks, pandemics, and unstoppable fires that ravage both humans and nonhumans in Escaped Alone to discuss the role of the capitalist system in ecological crises. After demonstrating the basic tenets of eco-socialism by referring to noteworthy critics, the study displays how capitalism exacerbates social inequality and devastates planetary resources by scrutinising the systematic overexploitation of nature, the unlimited desire for profit, eco-indifferent mass production and consumption processes, and humans’ lost bond with nature in the play. It seeks to argue that ecological crises are not independent of socioeconomic problems triggered by the capitalist system. Most importantly, it highlights that the eco-catastrophic narration prevalent in the play not only enables the playwright to demonstrate the source of ecological problems but also prompts the eco-indifferent audience to gain eco-consciousness.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• eco-socialism
• ecological disasters
• Caryl Churchill
• dystopia

Kaynakça

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