Araştırma Makalesi
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SOYUT GÖNDERME PROBLEMİ

Yıl 2015, Sayı: 61, 106 - 126, 15.07.2015

Öz

Soyut gönderme problemi tümeller probleminin içerdiği problemlerden
biri ve soyut tekil terimlerin gönderimini nasıl anladığımızla ilgilidir.
“Kırmızı” ve “üçgen” gibi soyut tekil terimler doğru önermelerde yer
aldıklarında nesnelere işaret ediyor gibi görünürler. Soyut tekil terimlerin
gönderimi neyedir? Soyut gönderme problemine ilişkin yeterli görüş, soyut
tekil terimlerin gönderimlerinin ne olduğunu açıklamak zorundadır.
Adcılar, Metafiziksel Gerçekçiler ve Trop Adcıları arasında bu konuda bir
uzlaşım yoktur. Gerçekçilik soyut tekil terimlerin tümellere işaret ettiğini
iddia ederken, Trop Kuramı onların trop kümelerine işaret ettiğini kabul
eder. Diğer taraftan, Adcılık soyut gönderme problemine çözüm sunmakta
bazı güçlükler içindedir.
Bu çalışmada soyut gönderme problemi Adcılık, Trop Kuramı ve
Gerçekçilik açısından incelenecek ve kendi konumları açısından geçerli
argümanlar sunan bu yaklaşımlar tartışılacaktır.

Kaynakça

  • • Armstrong, David Malet, Nominalism and Realism: Universals and Scientific Realism, Vol. I., New York, Cambridge University Press, 1978.
  • • Armstrong, David Malet, A Theory of Universals: Universals and Scientific Realism, Vol. II., New York, Cambridge University Press, 1978.
  • • Armstrong, David Malet, Universals: An Opinionated Introduction, London, Westview Press, 1989.
  • • Armstrong, David Malet, A World of States of Affairs, New York, Cambridge University Press, 1997.
  • • Campbell, Keith, “The Metaphysic of Abstract Particulars”, (Midwest Studies in Philosophy, 6 (1), 1981, ss. 477- 488.) reprinted in The Nature of Properties: Nominalism, Realism and Trope Theory, Edited by Michael Tooley, Garland Pub., 1999.
  • • Campbell, Keith, Abstract Particulars, Cambridge, Basil Blackwell, 1990.
  • • Daly, Chris, “Tropes”, Properties, Edited by D. H. Mellor and Alex Oliver, Oxford and New York, Oxford University Press, 1997, ss. 140- 159.
  • • Jackson, Frank, “Statements about Universals”, Mind, New Series, 343, 1977, ss. 427- 429.
  • • LaBossiere, Michael C., “Substance and Substrata”, Australasian Journal of Philosophy, 72, 1994, ss. 360- 370.
  • • Loux, Michael J., Substance and Attribute: A Study in Ontology, Dordrecht, Holland, D. Reidel Publishing Company, 1978.
  • • Loux, Michael J., Metaphysics: A Contemporary Introduction, 3rd ed. London, Routledge, 2006.
  • • Martin, C. B., (1980). “Substance Substantiated”, Australasian Journal of Philosophy, 58, 1980, ss. 3- 10.
  • • Oliver, Alex, “The Metaphysics of Properties”, Mind, 105, 1996, ss. 1- 80.
  • • Pap, Arthur, “Nominalism, Empiricism and Universals I”, The Philosophical Quaterly, 37, 1959, ss. 330- 340.
  • • Pap, Arthur, “Nominalism, Empiricism and Universals II”, The Philosophical Quaterly, 38, 1960, ss. 44- 60.
  • • Quine, W. N. O., From a Logical Point of View: Logico- Philosophical Essays, New York, London, Harper & Row Publishers, 1963.
  • • Stout, G. F., “The Nature of Universals and Propositions,” (Proceedings of the British Academy Vol. X, 1921, ss. 157- 172.) reprinted in The Nature of Properties: Nominalism, Realism and Trope Theory, Edited by Michael Tooley, Garland Pub., 1999.
  • • Stout, G. F., “Are the Characteristics of Particular Things Universals or Particular?”, (Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society Vol. III, 1923, ss. 114- 122.) reprinted in The Nature of Properties: Nominalism, Realism and Trope Theory, Edited by Michael Tooley, Garland Pub., 1999.
  • • Summerford, James D., Reconfiguring the Problem of Universals, Phd. Dissertation in The Ohio State University, 1997.
  • • Williams, Donald C., “On the Elements of Being: I”, (The Review of Metaphysics, 7, 1953, ss. 3- 18) reprinted in The Nature of Properties: Nominalism, Realism and Trope Theory, Edited by Michael Tooley, Garland Pub., 1999.
  • • Williams, Donald C. (1953b). “On the Elements of Being: II”, (The Review of Metaphysics, 7, 1953, ss. 171- 192) reprinted in The Nature of Properties: Nominalism, Realism and Trope Theory, Edited by Michael Tooley, Garland Pub., 1999.

The Problem Of Abstract Reference

Yıl 2015, Sayı: 61, 106 - 126, 15.07.2015

Öz

The problem of abstract reference is one of the problems which the
problem of universals involve and is related to how we understand the
reference of ‘abstract singular terms’. Abstract singular terms like ‘red’
and ‘triangularity’ appear within true sentences and they seem to denote
objects. What abstract singular terms will denote? Any adequate theory of
abstract reference must explicate what abstract singular terms will denote.
There is no consensus on this question between Nominalist, Metaphysical
Realist and Trope Nominalist. Realists claim that abstract singular terms
stand for universals, and for Trope theory, they designate class of tropes.
On the other hand, Nominalism will be in a difficulty to provide an answer
to the problem of abstract reference.
In this study, it is examined the problem of abstract reference from
perspectives of Nominalism, Trope theory and Realism and also is discussed
these accounts which all have valid arguments for their own position.

Kaynakça

  • • Armstrong, David Malet, Nominalism and Realism: Universals and Scientific Realism, Vol. I., New York, Cambridge University Press, 1978.
  • • Armstrong, David Malet, A Theory of Universals: Universals and Scientific Realism, Vol. II., New York, Cambridge University Press, 1978.
  • • Armstrong, David Malet, Universals: An Opinionated Introduction, London, Westview Press, 1989.
  • • Armstrong, David Malet, A World of States of Affairs, New York, Cambridge University Press, 1997.
  • • Campbell, Keith, “The Metaphysic of Abstract Particulars”, (Midwest Studies in Philosophy, 6 (1), 1981, ss. 477- 488.) reprinted in The Nature of Properties: Nominalism, Realism and Trope Theory, Edited by Michael Tooley, Garland Pub., 1999.
  • • Campbell, Keith, Abstract Particulars, Cambridge, Basil Blackwell, 1990.
  • • Daly, Chris, “Tropes”, Properties, Edited by D. H. Mellor and Alex Oliver, Oxford and New York, Oxford University Press, 1997, ss. 140- 159.
  • • Jackson, Frank, “Statements about Universals”, Mind, New Series, 343, 1977, ss. 427- 429.
  • • LaBossiere, Michael C., “Substance and Substrata”, Australasian Journal of Philosophy, 72, 1994, ss. 360- 370.
  • • Loux, Michael J., Substance and Attribute: A Study in Ontology, Dordrecht, Holland, D. Reidel Publishing Company, 1978.
  • • Loux, Michael J., Metaphysics: A Contemporary Introduction, 3rd ed. London, Routledge, 2006.
  • • Martin, C. B., (1980). “Substance Substantiated”, Australasian Journal of Philosophy, 58, 1980, ss. 3- 10.
  • • Oliver, Alex, “The Metaphysics of Properties”, Mind, 105, 1996, ss. 1- 80.
  • • Pap, Arthur, “Nominalism, Empiricism and Universals I”, The Philosophical Quaterly, 37, 1959, ss. 330- 340.
  • • Pap, Arthur, “Nominalism, Empiricism and Universals II”, The Philosophical Quaterly, 38, 1960, ss. 44- 60.
  • • Quine, W. N. O., From a Logical Point of View: Logico- Philosophical Essays, New York, London, Harper & Row Publishers, 1963.
  • • Stout, G. F., “The Nature of Universals and Propositions,” (Proceedings of the British Academy Vol. X, 1921, ss. 157- 172.) reprinted in The Nature of Properties: Nominalism, Realism and Trope Theory, Edited by Michael Tooley, Garland Pub., 1999.
  • • Stout, G. F., “Are the Characteristics of Particular Things Universals or Particular?”, (Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society Vol. III, 1923, ss. 114- 122.) reprinted in The Nature of Properties: Nominalism, Realism and Trope Theory, Edited by Michael Tooley, Garland Pub., 1999.
  • • Summerford, James D., Reconfiguring the Problem of Universals, Phd. Dissertation in The Ohio State University, 1997.
  • • Williams, Donald C., “On the Elements of Being: I”, (The Review of Metaphysics, 7, 1953, ss. 3- 18) reprinted in The Nature of Properties: Nominalism, Realism and Trope Theory, Edited by Michael Tooley, Garland Pub., 1999.
  • • Williams, Donald C. (1953b). “On the Elements of Being: II”, (The Review of Metaphysics, 7, 1953, ss. 171- 192) reprinted in The Nature of Properties: Nominalism, Realism and Trope Theory, Edited by Michael Tooley, Garland Pub., 1999.
Toplam 21 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Felsefe
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Ahmet Eyim Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Temmuz 2015
Gönderilme Tarihi 15 Mayıs 2015
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2015 Sayı: 61

Kaynak Göster

APA Eyim, A. (2015). SOYUT GÖNDERME PROBLEMİ. Felsefe Dünyası(61), 106-126.

Felsefe Dünyası Creative Commons Atıf-GayriTicari 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı ile lisanslanmıştır.