An Idealist Immaterialist: George Berkeley

Yıl 2015, Sayı: 61, 153 - 185, 15.07.2015

Ahmet Erhan Şekerci

Öz

George Berkeley is one of the most important thinkers of British
empiricist tradition and the Enlightenment. He who was a philosopher and
cleric sought a life after his ideals; he placed immaterialism, which has
been subject to fierce criticism not only during his lifetime but also after
him, in the center of his system of thought and spent efforts to make it understood.
In this article, we will try to state how this view of Berkeley who
is a unique and passionate idealist has shaped the immaterialist thought.
We will also examine how his view of the abstract concepts of religion,
morality and God that are the main elements of his immaterialism have influenced
his thought. We will also try to discover whether he is an idealist
or immaterialist, or he anticipated an immaterialism that includes idealism.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Locke, Berkeley, İmmaterialism, İdealism, Occasionalism, God, Religion and Morals

İDEALİST BİR MATERYALİST: GEORGE BERKELEY

Öz

George Berkeley, İngiliz deneyci geleneğinin ve aydınlanma düşüncesinin
en önemli düşünürlerinden birisidir. İdealleri uğruna yaşamış
bir filozof ve din adamı olarak Berkeley, immateryalizm gibi, gerek kendi
zamanında gerekse sonrasında oldukça ciddi eleştirilere maruz kalmış
bir kavramı, düşünce dünyasının merkezine yerleştirmiş ve ömrü boyunca
da onun anlaşılması için çaba sarfetmiştir. Biz bu makalemizde, düşünce
tarihinin en önemli idealistlerinden biri olan kabul edilen Berkeley’in,
bu kendine has ve tutkulu bakış açısının immateryalist düşünceyi nasıl
şekillendirdiğini ortaya koyacağız. Bu arada onun immateryalizminin ana
unsurları olan din, ahlak, Tanrı ve soyut kavramlara dair görüşlerinin, düşüncesindeki
etkilerinin görülmesini sağlayacağız. En önemlisi ise onun,
sadece bir idealist mi yoksa bir immateryalist mi olduğu, ya da idealizmi
içinde barındıran bir immateryalizmi öngörüp öngörmediğini irdelemeye
çalışacağız.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Locke, Berkeley, İmmateryalizm, idealizm, Okazyonalizm, Tanrı, Din ve Ahlak

Kaynakça

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