Kahramanmaraş İlindeki Dondurma Üreticilerinin Soğuk Zincir Taşıyıcı Seçiminde Kullanmış Oldukları Kriterler Ve Bu Kriterlerin Önem Derecelerinin AHP Yöntemi İle Belirlenmesi

Öz

Bu çalışmada soğuk zincir taşıyıcı seçiminde kullanılabilecek bilimsel yöntemlerden birinin AHP tekniği olabileceği konusunda bir farkındalık yaratılmaya çalışılmıştır. AHP yöntemi uygulanmadan önce, ilk olarak yurt içi dondurma dağıtımı yapan taşıyıcı işletmelerin seçiminde kullanılacak kriterler literatürden yararlanarak belirlenmiştir. Daha sonra literatürden yararlanılarak belirlenen bu kriterlerin ağırlıklandırılması yapılmıştır. Bunun için Kahramanmaraş dondurma sektörüne hâkim büyük firmaların 10 yöneticisiyle uzman görüşü anketi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Anket çalışmasında öncelikle, literatür taraması sonucunda belirlenen kriterlerlerin her biri bir diğeriyle tek tek uzmanlar tarafından ikili karşılaştırmaya tabi tutulmuştur. Ardından AHP yönteminin tüm adımları uygulanmıştır. AHP yönteminin adımlarının uygulanması sonucunda; zamanında teslimat en önemli kriter, güvenilirlik ikinci, tecrübe üçüncü, ağ yönetimi dördüncü, soğuk zincir süreçlerinin inovasyonu ve etkinliği beşinci, bilgi teknolojileri altıncı, maliyet yedinci ve son olarak da esneklik sekizinci kriter olarak belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Soğuk Zincir Lojistiği
• Frigorifik Yük taşımacılığı
• Kahramanmaraş Dondurması

The Criteria Used for Cold Chain Logistics Carrier Selection of Ice Cream Producers in Kahramanmaraş Province And Determination of The Importance of These Criteria by AHP Method

Öz

In this study, it was tried to create an awareness that one of the scientific methods that can be used in carrier selection may be the AHP technique. Before the AHP method was applied, the criteria to be used in the selection of carrier enterprises that distribute ice cream domestically were determined firstly. Then, the weighting of these criteria determined by using the literature was made. For this purpose, an expert opinion survey was conducted with 10 managers of large companies that dominate the Kahramanmaraş ice cream sector. In the survey study, first of all, each of the criteria determined as a result of the literature review was subjected to a binary comparison by individual experts with each other. Then all the steps of the AHP method were applied. As a result of applying all the steps of the AHP method; it has been determined as that just in time delivery is the most important criterion, reliability is the second, experience is the third, network management is the fourth, the innovation and efficiency of cold chain processes is the fifth, information technologies is the sixth, cost is the seventh, and finally flexibility is the eighth criterion.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Cold chain Logistics
• Refrigerated Transport
• Kahramanmaraş Ice Cream

Kaynakça

1. AGRAWAL, S., SINGH, R. K. ve MURTAZA, Q. (2016). Outsourcing Decisions in Reverse Logistics: Sustainable Balanced Scorecard and Graph Theoretic Approach. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 108, 41 – 53.
2. AGUEZZOUL, A. (2007). The third party logistics selection: A review of literature. International Logistics and Supply Chain Congress’ 2007. Okan University, Logistics Association & Berlin University of Technology. 8-9 Kasım 2007. İstanbul. ss. 1-7.
3. AGUEZZOUL, A. (2011). Overview on supplier selection of goods versus 3PL selection. 4th International Conference on Logistics. The IEEE ENIS Student Branch, the GOLD Tunisia Affinity Group, and the University Mohamed Ben Abdellah of Fes. 20-22 Mayıs 2011. Hammamet. ss. 248-253.
4. ASIAN, S. S., POOL, J. K., NAZARPOUR, A. ve TABAEEIAN, R. A. (2019). On the Importance of Service Performance and Customer Satisfaction in Third-Party Logistics Selection: An Application of Kano Model. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 26(5), 1550-1564.
5. ATANASOVA–PACHEMSKA, T., LAPEVSKI, M. ve TIMOVSKI, R. (2014). Analytical hierarchical process (AHP) method application in the process of selection and evaluation. International Scientific Conference “UNİTECH 2014”. Technical University of Gabrovo. 21-22 Kasım 2014. Gabrovo. ss. 373-380.
6. BRZOZOWSKA, A., BRZESZCZAK, A., IMIOŁCZYK, J. ve SZYMCZYK, K. (2016). Managing cold supply chain. 5th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Logistics and Transport (IEEE ICALT’2016). The IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Society. 1-3 Haziran 2016. Kraków. ss. 1-7.
7. DAIM, T., UDBYE, A. ve BALASUBRAMANIAN, A. (2012). Use of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) for Selection of 3PL Providers. Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management, 24(1), 28-51.
8. ELEREN, A. (2006). Kuruluş Yeri Seçiminin Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci Yöntemi ile Belirlenmesi; Deri Sektörü Örneği. Atatürk Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 20(2), 405-416.

9. FALSINI, D., FONDI, F. ve SCHIRALDI, M. M. (2012). A Logistics Provider Evaluation and Selection Methodology Based on AHP, DEA and Linear Programming Integration. International Journal of Production Research, 50(17), 4822 – 4829.
10. FU, P-H. ve YIN, H-B. (2012). Logistics Enterprise Evaluation Model Based on Fuzzy Clustering Analysis. 2012 International Conference on Applied Physics and Industrial Engineering, Physics Procedia, 24, 1583 – 1587.
11. GOEPEL, K. D. (2013). BPMSG AHP Excel Template with Multiple Inputs. Erişim tarihi: 06.09.2021 https://bpmsg.com/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/AHPcalc-v2013-12-24a.pdf
12. GOVINDAN, K., KHODAVERDI, R. ve VAFADARNIKJOO, A. (2016). A Grey Dematel Approach to Develop Third-Party Logistics Provider Selection Criteria. Industrial Management & Data Systems, 116(4), 690-722.
13. GÜNEY, M. ve ALTUNTAŞ, G. (2019). Bozulabilir ürün üreten işletmelerin taşıyıcı seçiminde kullandıkları kriterlerin ve önem derecelerinin belirlenmesine yönelik bir araştırma. Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. İstanbul Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
14. HWANG, B-N., CHEN, T-T. ve LIN, J. T. (2016). 3PL Selection Criteria in Integrated Circuit Manufacturing Industry in Taiwan. Supply Chain Management, 21(1), 103-124.
15. JHARKHARIA, S. & SHANKAR, R. (2007). Selection of Logistics Service Provider: An Analytic Network Process (ANP) Approach. Omega, 35(3), 274 – 289.
16. KUMAR, P. ve SINGH, R. K. (2012). A Fuzzy AHP and TOPSIS Methodology to Evaluate 3PL in A Supply Chain. Journal of Modelling in Management, 7(3), 287 – 303.
17. NETO, G. C. D. O., OLIVEIRA, J. C. D. ve LIBRANTZ, A. F. H. (2017). Selection of Logistic Service Providers for the Transportation of Refrigerated Goods. Production Planning and Control, 28(10), 813 – 828.
18. QURESHI, M. N., KUMAR, D. ve KUMAR, P. (2008). An Integrated Model to Identify and Classify the Key Criteria and Their Role in the Assessment of 3PL Services Providers. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 20(2), 227 – 249.
19. SAATY, T. L. ve ÖZDEMİR, M. S. (2003). Why the Magic Number Seven Plus or Minus Two. Mathematical and Computer Modelling, 38(3-4), 233-244.
20. SARAVANAN, S. ve ANUBAMA, B. (2017). Selection of Cold Chain Logistics Service Providers in Pharmaceutical Industry with Reference to India. International Journal of Managing Value and Supply Chains (IJMVSC), 8(2), 1-12.
21. SINGH, R. K., GUNASEKARAN, A. ve KUMAR, P. (2018). Third Party Logistics (3PL) Selection for Cold Chain Management: A Fuzzy AHP and Fuzzy TOPSIS Approach. Annals of Operations Research, 267(1), 531 – 553.
22. SUPÇİLLER, A. A. ve ÇAPRAZ, O. (2011). AHP-TOPSIS Yöntemine Dayalı Tedarikçi Seçimi Uygulaması. Ekoist: Journal of Econometrics and Statistics, 15(13), 1-22.
23. THAKKAR, J., DESHMUKH, S. G., GUPTA, A. D. ve SHANKAR, R. (2005). Selection of Third-Party Logistics (3PL): A Hybrid Approach Using Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) and Analytic Network Process (ANP). Supply Chain Forum: An International Journal, 6(1), 32-46.
24. UNAL, Ö. F. (2012). Performans Değerlemede Analitik Hiyerarşi Prosesi (AHP) Uygulamaları. Sosyal Bilimler Araştırmaları Dergisi, 7(1), 37-55.
25. VAIDYANATHAN, G. (2005). A Framework for Evaluating Third – Party Logistics. Communications of the ACM, 48(1), 89 – 94.
26. WANG, D., YUAN, Q. ve XIANG, F. (2020). Analysis of current situation of joint distribution in cold chain logistics. 2020 International Conference on Urban Engineering and Management Science (ICUEMS). Hong Kong Polytechnic University, University of Auckland & IEEE Computer Society. 28 Şubat-1 Mart 2020. Zhuhai. ss. 216-220.
27. XIONG, H. (2021). Research on Cold Chain Logistics Distribution Route Based on Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm. Hindawi Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society, 2021(May), 1-10.
28. YING, W. ve DAYONG, S. (2005). Multi – Agent Framework for Third Party Logistics in E–Commerce. Expert Systems with Applications, 29(2), 431–436.
29. YU, Z., TIANSHAN, M., KHAN, S. A. R. ve SHARIF, A. (2018). The study on efficient cold chain logistics. Advances in Social Science, 2nd International Conference on Economic Development and Education Management (ICEDEM 2018), Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 290, 475-478.
30. ZHANG, J. (2009). The research of 3PLs provider selection based on rough set and PSO. 2009 IITA International Conference on Services Science, Management and Engineering. IEEE Computer Society.11-12 Temmuz 2009. Zhangjiajie. ss. 165 – 168.
31. ZHANG, L., FU, M., FEI, T. ve PAN, X. (2021). Application of Fwa-Artificial Fish Swarm Algorithm in the Location of Low-Carbon Cold Chain Logistics Distribution Center in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Metropolitan Area. Hindawi Scientific Programming, 2021(9945583), 1-10.
32. ZOKAEE, S., JABBARZADEH, A., FAHIMNIA, B. ve SADJADI, S. J. (2014). Robust Supply Chain Network Design: An Optimization Model with Real World Application. Annals of Operations Research, 257(1 – 2), 15 – 44.