MIST VE IBSA ÜLKELERİNDE TURİZM İLE CO2 SALIMI ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİYE AİT AMPİRİK BİR UYGULAMA

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, MIST (Meksika, Endonezya, Güney Kore ve Türkiye) ve IBSA (Hindistan, Brezilya ve Güney Afrika) ülkelerindeki uluslararası turist girişlerinin karbon dioksit (CO2) salımı üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir. Bu ülkeler, turizm endüstrisi için önemli bir potansiyele sahip olmakla birlikte, ilgili ülkelerde turizmin olumsuz çevresel etkilerine ilişkin yeterli araştırmalar yapılmamıştır. Bu doğrultuda çalışmada, 1995-2019 dönemi için MIST ve IBSA ülkelerinde uluslararası turist girişlerinin CO2 salımı üzerindeki etkisi analiz edilmiştir. Analizde Westerlund eş-bütünleşme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Test sonuçları, uluslararası turist girişleri ve CO2 salımı arasında uzun dönemli bir ilişki olduğunu göstermektedir. Çalışmada ayrıca, Ortak İlişkili Etkiler Ortalama Grup ve Genişletilmiş Ortalama Grup yöntemlerinden yararlanılarak uzun dönem katsayılar tahmin edilmiştir. Test sonuçlarına göre; Endonezya, Güney Kore ve Brezilya’daki uluslararası turist girişlerinin CO2 salımını artırdığı; Güney Afrika’da ise bu salımı azalttığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu sonuçlar, Endonezya, Güney Kore ve Brezilya’daki turizm faaliyetlerinin daha sıkı bir şekilde düzenlenmesi ve denetlenmesi gerektiğini göstermektedir. Çalışmada işaret edilen öneriler itibarıyla, çalışmanın literatüre önemli bir katkıda bulunacağı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Uluslararası Turist Girişleri
• CO2 Salımı
• CCEMG
• AMG

EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE OF THE RELATEDNESS BETWEEN TOURISM AND CO2 EMISSIONS IN MIST AND IBSA COUNTRIES:

Öz

The aim of this study is to examine the effects of the international tourist arrivals on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in MIST(Mexico, Indonesia, South Korea, and Turkey) and IBSA (India, Brazil, and South Africa) countries. Though these countries have a considerable potential for the tourism industry, there has not been sufficient research on adverse environmental effects of tourism. Accordingly, the study has analysis the effects of tourism on CO2 emissions in MIST and IBSA countries for 1995-2019 the periods. In the analysis, Westerlund (2007) co-integration method have been executed. The test results demonstrates that there is a long-term relationship between international tourist arrivals and CO2 emissions. Besides, long-run coefficients were estimated by making the use of Common Correlated Effects Mean Group and Augmented Mean Group methods. According to the test results, international tourist arrivals increases CO2 emissions in Indonesia, South Korea and Brazil, while it decreases in South Africa. This work points out that tourism activities in Indonesia, South Korea and Brazil should be more stricly regulated and supervision. Will make a contribution to the literatüre. Taking implications into consideration, the work will make an important contribution to the literatüre.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• International Tourist Arrivals
• CO2 Emissions
• CCEMG
• AMG

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