The Moderating Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Human Capital Characteristics of Health and Education Expenditures

Öz

This study aimed to contribute to the literature by revealing whether the New Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had a moderating effect on the effect of health and education expenditures on gross domestic product (GDP). In this context, in the analysis section of the study, a panel data set from 37 Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries for the period 2015-2020 was used. Two models were established in the study. In Model I, the moderating effect of COVID-19 on the effect of health expenditures on GDP was examined. In Model II, the moderating effect of COVID-19 on the effect of education expenditures on GDP was examined. It was determined that health and education expenditures had a significant positive effect on GDP in both models (p<0.05). In addition, in both models, there was a decrease in GDP in 2020, the year when the COVID-19 was effective, compared to the 2015-2019 period, however, this decrease was not found to be statistically significant (p>0.05). Finally, no moderating effect of the COVID-19 was found on the effect of education and health expenditures on GDP (p>0.05).

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Health expenditures
• Education expenditures
• Human capital
• COVID-19

SAĞLIK VE EĞİTİM HARCAMALARININ BEŞERİ SERMAYE ÖZELLİĞİ ÜZERİNDE COVİD-19 PANDEMİSİNİN MODERATÖR ETKİSİ

Öz

Bu çalışmada sağlık ve eğitim harcamalarının gayri safi yurt içi hâsıla (GSYİH) üzerindeki etkisinde Yeni Koronavirüs (SARS-CoV-2, COVİD-19) değişkeninin moderatör etkisinin olup olmadığını ortaya koyarak literatüre katkıda bulunmak amaçlanmıştır. Bu kapsamda çalışmanın analiz kısmında 37 Ekonomik İşbirliği ve Kalkınma Örgütü (OECD) üyesi ülkenin 2015-2020 dönemine ait verileri ile oluşturulan panel veri seti kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada iki model kurulmuştur. Model I’de sağlık harcamalarının GSYİH üzerindeki etkisinde COVİD-19’un moderatör etkisi incelenmiştir. Model II’de ise, eğitim harcamalarının GSYİH üzerindeki etkisinde COVİD-19’un moderatör etkisi incelenmiştir. Her iki modelde de sağlık ve eğitim harcamalarının GSYİH üzerinde pozitif yönlü ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir etkisinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir (p<0,05). Ayrıca her iki modelde de COVİD-19 değişkeninin etkili olduğu yıl olan 2020 yılında 2015-2019 dönemine kıyasla GSYİH değişkeninde bir azalış yaşandığı görülmüştür ancak bu azalışın istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olmadığı saptanmıştır (p>0,05). Son olarak, eğitim ve sağlık harcamalarının GSYİH üzerindeki etkisinde COVİD-19 değişkenin herhangi bir moderatör etkisi bulunamamıştır (p>0,05

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sağlık harcamaları
• Eğitim harcamaları
• Beşeri sermaye
• COVİD-19

Destekleyen Kurum

Çalışmayı destekleyen herhangi bir şahıs, kurum ya da kuruluş bulunmamaktadır.

Etik Beyan

“Sağlık ve Eğitim Harcamalarının Beşeri Sermaye Özelliği Üzerinde Covid-19 Pandemisinin Moderatör Etkisi” isimli bu çalışmada ikincil veri seti kullanıldığından etik kurul izni gerektirmemektedir.

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