Migration As A Global Good (or Bad)

Öz

The phenomenon of migration has gained a global dimension today. While wars and political conflicts lead a word-wide refugee problem, economic negativities speed up domestic or international migrations and it is observed that there is an increase in environment or climate based population flows depending on unsustainable growth and development policies. In this respect, it will be a realistic approach to handle migration as a global public good (or global public bad). Likewise, migration has accessed a comprehensive scale which can no longer be considered within regional or national boundaries and it may result in either positive or negative impacts on the globe. The phenomenon of migration creates positive or negative externalities in the national and international area with the radical changes it generates. While on the one hand, migration reorganizes the dynamics of urbanization, on the other hand it becomes determinant on productivity and growth data. Particularly spending items in the government budget are highly affected by national or international migration flows. Besides, the migration phenomenon has the characteristics of transforming social structure. The aim of this study is to approach the migration phenomenon from the perspectives of global public good and/or global public bad and to examine in terms of its impacts. The study covers economic, financial, social, cultural and political dimensions of migration.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Global public good
• Global public bad
• Migration

KÜRESEL KAMUSAL BİR MAL (VEYA KÖTÜ) OLARAK GÖÇ

Öz

Göç olgusu günümüzde küresel bir boyut kazanmıştır. Savaşlar ve politik çatışmalar dünya çapında bir sığınmacı sorununa yol açarken, ekonomik olumsuzluklar ülke içi veya ülkeler arası göçleri hızlandırmakta ve sürdürülemez büyüme ve kalkınma politikalarına bağlı olarak da iklim ve çevre temelli nüfus akımlarında artış gözlenmektedir. Bu bakımdan göçü, bir küresel kamusal mal (veya küresel kamusal kötü) olarak ele almak gerçekçi bir yaklaşım şekli olacaktır. Keza göç, artık bölgesel veya ulusal sınırlar içerisinde düşünülemeyecek kadar geniş kapsamlı bir ölçeğe ulaşmış olup, dünya üzerinde olumlu ya da olumsuz etkilere yol açabilmektedir. Göç olgusu, meydana getirdiği köklü değişimler ile ulusal veya uluslararası alanda pozitif veya negatif dışsallıklar yaratmaktadır. Göç bir yandan kentleşme dinamiklerini yeniden düzenlerken, bir yandan da verimlilik ve büyüme verileri üzerinde belirleyici olmaktadır. Devlet bütçesi içerisinde özellikle harcama kalemleri, ulusal veya uluslararası göç akımlarından önemli ölçüde etkilenmektedir. Ayrıca göç olgusu, toplumsal yapıyı dönüştürme özelliği de taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı; göç olgusunu küresel kamusal mal ve(ya) küresel kamusal kötü perspektiflerinden ele alarak, meydana getirdiği etkileri üzerinden irdelemektir. Çalışma göçün ekonomik, mali, sosyal, kültürel ve politik boyutlarını içermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Küresel kamusal mal
• Küresel kamusal kötü
• Göç

Kaynakça

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