The Role of Rose Essential Oil Aroma on the Learning Behaviorus: An Experimental Study

Öz

Objectives: The effects of rose oil aroma on the learning of rats were investigated. Material and Methods: The study was carried out on male Wistar rats. For this purpose, primarily labyrinth test was applied to 14 rats. After training period, passing duration was recorded of the rats that were habituated to labyrinth for finding the food which is in target compartment for 8 days. Then, the rats were randomly selected, divided into experimental and control groups, and then experimented by aroma test in the labyrinth. During aroma test, while the rats in the control group were kept under normal atmosphere conditions, the rats in the experimental group were exposed to rose oil aroma. Labyrinth test was performed to rats of all groups through experiment duration for 8 days. Results: The experimental group needed shorter period for finding the food in the target than control group. Conclusion: It was determined that the rose essential oil has effects on learning and memory. ©2007, Firat University, Medical Faculty

Anahtar Kelimeler

• -

Öğrenme Davranışlarında Gül Esans Yağ Aromasının Rolü: Deneysel Bir Çalışma

Öz

Giriş: Gül yağı aromasının sıçanların öğrenme davranışları üzerine etkisi araştırıldı. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışma Wistar cinsi erkek sıçanlar üzerinde yapıldı. Bu amaçla 14 adet hayvana labirent testi uygulandı. Deneme periyodundan sonra, 8 gün boyunca sıçanların hedef bölmeye konan yiyeceği bulmak için harcadıkları süre kaydedildi. Daha sonra hayvanlar rasgele deney ve kontrol grubu olarak ikiye ayrıldı. Kontrol grubu normal atmosfer şartlarında bırakılırken, deney grubundaki sıçanlar gül yağı aromasına maruz kaldılar. Labirent testi 8 gün boyunca her iki gruba tekrar yapılarak, süreler kaydedildi. Bulgular: Deney grubundaki hayvanlar hedefi bulmak için, kontrol grubuna göre daha kısa süreye ihtiyaç duydukları tespit edildi. Sonuç: Gül yağı aromasının öğrenme ve hafıza üzerine etkisi olduğu tespit edildi. ©2007, Fırat Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Aroma, gül esans yağı, öğrenme

Kaynakça

1. Umezu T. Behavioral effects of plant-derived essential oils in the Geller type conflict test in mice. Jpn J Pharmacol 2000; 83: 150- 153.
2. Lis-Balchin M. Essential oils and ‘aromatherapy’: their modern role in healing. J R Soc Health 1998; 118: 126.
3. Rimmer K. “Aromatherapy- History & Modern Use of Essentail Oils”. http://www.spiritual.com.au/articles/healing/aromatherapy_krim mer.htm. 02.03.2005.
4. Savic I, Berglund H, Gulyas B, Roland P. Smelling of Odorous Sex Hormone-like Compounds Causes Sex-Differantiated Hypothalamic Activations in Humans. Neuron 2001; 31: 661- 668.
5. Broughan C. Odours, emotions, and cognition- How odours may affect cognitive performance. Int J Aromatherapy 2002; 12: 92- 98.
6. Carvalho-Freitas MI, Costa M. Anxiolytic and sedative effects of extracts and essential oil from Citrus aurantium L. Biol Pharm Bull 2002; 25: 1629-1633.
7. Komori T, Fujiwara R, Tanida M, Nomura J. Potential antidepressant effects of lemon odor in rats. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 1995; 5: 477-480.
8. Diego MA, Jones NA, Field T et al. Aromatherapy positively affects mood. EEG patterns of alertness and math computations. Int J Neurosci 1998; 96: 217-224.

9. Oh MS, Huh Y, Bae H, Ahn DK, Park SK. The multi-herbal formula Guibi- tang enhances memory and increases cell proliferation in the rat hippocampus. Neurosci Lett 2005; 379: 205-208.
10. Howes MJ, Houghton PI. Plants used in Chinese and Indian tradational medicine for improvement of memory and cognitive function. Pharmacol, Biochem Behav 2003; 75: 513-527.
11. Kurkcuoğlu M. Türk Gül Yağı, Konkreti ve Absolüsünün Üretimi ve Özellikleri. Doktora Tezi, Eskişehir: Anadolu Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Farmakognozi AD, 1995.
12. Basim E, Basim H. Antibacterial activity of Rosa damascena essential oil. Fitoterapia 2003; 74: 394-396.
13. Demir F, Ozcan M. Chemical and technological properties of rose (Rosa Canina L.) fruits grown wild in Turkey. J Food Eng 2001; 47: 333-336.
14. Boskabady MH, Kiani S, Rakhshandah H. Relaxant effects of Rosa damascena on guinea pig tracheal chains and its possible mechanism(s). J Ethnopharmacol 2006; 106: 377-382.
15. Mahmood N, Piacente S, Pizza C, Burke A, Khan AI, Hay AJ. The anti-HIV activity and mechanisms of action of pure compounds isolated from Rosa Damascena. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1996; 229: 73-79.
16. Almeida R, Simone, CM, Faturib CB, Catallanib B, Leite JR. Anxiolytic-like effects of rose oil inhalation on the elevated plus- maze test in rats. Pharmacol, Biochem Behav 2004; 77: 361-364.
17. Pitten FA, Kramer A, Herrmann K, Bremer J, Koch S. Formaldehyde neurotoxicity in animal experiments. Pathol Res Pract 2000; 196: 193-198.
18. Uva L, de Curtis M. Polysynaptic olfactory pathway to the ipsi- and contralateral entorhinal cortex mediated via the hippocampus. Neuroscience 2005; 130: 249-258.
19. Buckle RJ. Aromatherapy in the USA. Int J Aromatherapy 2003; 13: 42-46.
20. Campenni CE, Crawley EJ, Meier ME. Role of suggestion in odor-induced mood change. Psychol Rep 2004; 94: 1127-1136.
21. Clark DM. On the induction of depressed mood in the laboratory. Evaluation and comparison of the Velten and Musical Procedures. Behav Res Ther 1983; 5: 27-49.
22. Haze S, Sakai K, Gozu Y. Effects of Fragrance inhalation on sympathetic Activity in Normal Adults. Jpn.J. Pharmacol 2002; 90: 247-253.
23. Moss M, Cook J, Wesnes K, Duckett P. Aromas of rosemary and lavender essential oils differentially affect cognition and mood in healty adults. Int J Neurosci 2003; 113: 15-38.
24. Akpinar B. The Effects of Olfactory Stimuli on Scholastic Performance. Irish Journal of Education 2005; 36: 86-90.
25. Tildesley NT, Kennedy DO, Perry EK, Ballard CG, Wesnes KA, Scholey AB. Positive modulation of mood and cognitive performance following administration of acute doses of Salvia lavandulaefolia essential oil to healthy young volunteers. Physiol Behav 2005; 83: 699-709.
26. Kabul Tarihi: 02.05.2007