Identification and Pathogenicitiy of Botryosphaeriaceae Species Causing Wood Canker on Grapevines

Yıl 2013, Cilt: 42 Sayı: 1-2-3, 35 - 45, 28.05.2014

D. Soner Akgül , Nurdan Güngör Savaş , Turcan Teker

Öz

Wood
canker and dieback diseases, caused by Botryosphaeriaceae fungi, are among the
most important fungal trunk diseases of grapevines. In recent years, the
symptoms of local dead arm, shoot dieback and V-shaped discolorations in woody
tissues have dramatically increased in vines of Turkey. During the 2012 growing
season, symptomatic wood samples (from Ankara, Çorum, Izmir, and Manisa cities)
were taken and standard mycological isolations were done to determine the
fungal agents of disease. A high proportion (69.4%) of Botryosphaeriaceae fungi
was isolated from these samples. In the first stage of the isolates’identification,
fungal DNA was extracted and amplified in Real-Time thermocycler by using the
genus spesific primers (BOT100F-BOT472R). In this way, the members of
Botryosphaeriaceae species were distinguished from other similar species. In
molecular identification of the isolates, ITS 1 and ITS 2 ribosomal DNA
fragments were sequenced and the gene sequences were compared with those
deposited in NCBI Gene Bank database.It has been determined that 4 different
species Botryosphaeria dothidea (Anamorph;
Fusicoccum aesculi), Diplodia seriata(An; B. obtusa) Lasiodiplodia theobromae (An; B.
rhodina) andNeofusicoccum parvum
(An; B. parva) were found in the
sequenced 15 isolates. Colony morphology on PDA media andpicniospore shapes on
woody tissues were examined in morphological / microscopic identification. To
fulfill Koch’s postulates, pathogenicity tests for all isolates were conducted
on 1-year-old potted vines. Four months after inoculation, the lesion lengths
on woody tissues were evaluated. Pathogenicity tests revealed that Neofusicoccum parvum species produced
larger lesions on woody tissues when compared to control and other species.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Botryosphaeriaceae, Grapevine, Trunk Diseases

Kaynakça

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