EN
TR
THE CONCEPT OF ARCHE AND THE APPEARANCE-REALITY DISTINCTION IN ANCIENT GREEK PHILOSOPHY: A STUDY FROM THE PERSPECTIVES OF THALES, ANAXIMANDER, AND ANAXIMENES
Abstract
This study investigates the appearance-reality dilemma in Ancient Greek philosophy and assesses the meaning of ‘arche’ within that framework. In this context, arche is used to explain the relationship between the reality of the entity and its appearance. Arche is recognized as a principle or substance that remains unchanged behind what actually changes but whose situations or appearances change. According to Milesian philosophers, arche is an essential principle of existence, and they argue that it is the constant factor underlying changes in the world. This fundamental idea forms the basis of all natural phenomena and elucidates the distinction between reality and apperance. The endeavors of Thales, Anaximander, and Anaximenes to determine what the arche is reflect their efforts to understand the relationship between the reality of existence and its observable aspect. The article first establishes the prerequisites for the emergence of philosophy and assesses the various interpretations of the term arche and the approaches taken by Thales, Anaximander, and Anaximenes in relation to it, all within the context of their conceptions of existence. Thus, how the arche evolved and how this concept contributes to efforts to understand reality beyond appearance are examined. In addition, it is emphasized in the article that Anaximander and Anaximenes offer an in-depth perspective on grounding the distinction between appearance and reality as a result of their explanation of the changing states of the arche through the processes of separation, condensation, and rarefaction. In particular, it is claimed that the principle known as apeiron, as described by Anaximander, represents a reality that can be grasped through the mind rather than the senses and, in this respect, has a meaning beyond appearance. The evaluation concludes that the apeiron displays an indeterminate quality and, despite its physical composition, may possess a more profound essence than what is perceived by the senses. In light of this, it appears that the structure of the apeiron is superior to that of other structures in terms of resolving the appearance-reality dilemma.
Keywords
Kaynakça
- Aristoteles, Metafizik. 2. Baskı. Çeviren Ahmet Arslan. İstanbul: Sosyal Yayınları, 1996.
- Aristotle. Meteorology, Great Books of The Western World. Editor Robert Maynard Hutchins. Chicago, 1952.
- Arslan, Ahmet. Felsefeye Giriş. 2. Baskı. Ankara: Vadi Yayınları, 1996.
- Arslan, Ahmet. İlkçağ Felsefe Tarihi 1: Sokrates Öncesi Yunan Felsefesi. İstanbul: İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları, 2006.
- Bravo, Hamdi. “Antik Yunan Felsefesinde Madde-Biçim ve Görünüş-Gerçeklik İkilikleri”, Kaygı. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Felsefe Dergisi, 5, (2005): 67-75. Erişim Tarihi: Ekim 11, 2024. https://acikerisim.uludag.edu.tr/items/7d287821-d183-450f-b413-72ca8f5807a4
- Capelle, Wilhelm. Sokrates’ten Önce Felsefe, Çeviren Oğuz Özügül, İstanbul: Kabalcı Yayınları, 1994.
- Capelle, Wilhelm. Sokrates’ten Önce Felsefe. Çeviren Oğuz Özügül. İstanbul: Pencere Yayınları, 2011.
- Cevizci, Ahmet. Felsefe Tarihi. İstanbul: Say Yayınları, 2012.
Ayrıntılar
Birincil Dil
Türkçe
Konular
Varlık Felsefesi , Eskiçağ Felsefesi
Bölüm
Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar
Yayımlanma Tarihi
16 Aralık 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi
17 Temmuz 2024
Kabul Tarihi
22 Ekim 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı
Yıl 1970 Sayı: 39
Chicago
Yardımcı, Alper Bilgehan. 2024. “ANTİK YUNAN FELSEFESİNDE ARKHE KAVRAMI VE GÖRÜNÜŞ-GERÇEKLİK AYRIMI: THALES, ANAKSİMANDROS VE ANAKSİMENES’İN PERSPEKTİFİNDEN BİR İNCELEME”. FLSF Felsefe ve Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, sy 39: 1-18. https://doi.org/10.53844/flsf.1517891.
Cited By
ERKEN DÖNEM YUNAN FELSEFESİNDE PROTO-KUŞKUCU ARGÜMANLAR VE ELEŞTİRİSİ
FLSF Felsefe ve Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi
https://doi.org/10.53844/flsf.1618737