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THE MODERN VALUE OF THE STATE OF NATURE IN ROUSSEAU’S POLITICAL THOUGHT

Sayı: 31 12 Mayıs 2021
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THE MODERN VALUE OF THE STATE OF NATURE IN ROUSSEAU’S POLITICAL THOUGHT

Abstract

Rousseau’s early political work, Discourse on the Origin of Inequality, seeks to conceptualise the transformation of the savage human of the state of nature into the rational human of the state of civilisation. On the whole, his narrative seems to construct a pessimistic narrative of history, demonstrating the inevitable downfall of humanity from a blissfull starting point to a bloodstained, conflict-ridden terminus. In this article, I aim to re-evaluate this negative value of the state of nature in Rousseau. To this end, I emphasise the shift in the role of society as regards freedom in his later political work, On the Social Contract, in which not the egoist savage human but the sociable modern human being is thought to be the ultimate goal. I suggest that, instead of considering the hypothetical period of the state of nature as a bygone era of humanity, it could be re-evaluated as providing us with a telos for the human being of the state of civilisation. The simplicity and compassion of the savage human, who is immune from the destructive sentiment of amour propre, might be seen as equipping the modern human of excessive egoism with a horizon to determine its line of development.

Keywords

Kaynakça

  1. Aristotle. Politics. Translated by B. Jowett. In The Complete Works of Aristotle: The Revised Oxford Translation, edited by Jonathan Barnes. New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1995.
  2. Bertram, Christopher. Rousseau and The Social Contract. London, New York: Routledge, 2004.
  3. Bachofen, Blaise. “Der erste Naturzustand als wahrer Naturzustand. Die Tragweite einer anthropologischen Untersuchung.” In Jean-Jacques Rousseau: Die beiden Diskurse zur Zivilisationskritik, edited by Johannes Rohbeck and Lieselotte Steinbrügge. Berlin: De Gruyter, 2015.
  4. Cassirer, Ernst. Rousseau, Kant, Goethe: Two Essays. Translated by James Gutmann, Paul Oskar Kristeller, and John Herman Randall, JR. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1970.
  5. Cassirer, Ernst. The Myth of the State. New Haven, London: Yale University Press, 1974.
  6. Cassirer, Ernst. The Philosophy of the Enlightenment. Translated by Fritz C. A. Koelln and James P. Pettegrove. Princeton, Oxford: Princeton University Press, 1979.
  7. Dent, Nicholas. Rousseau. London, New York: Routledge, 2005.
  8. Mensching, Günther. “Das Verhältnis des Zweiten Diskurses zu den Schriften Vom Gesellschaftsvertrag und Emile.” In Jean-Jacques Rousseau: Die beiden Diskurse zur Zivilisationskritik, edited by Johannes Rohbeck and Lieselotte Steinbrügge. Berlin: De Gruyter, 2015.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Felsefe

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yazarlar

Yayımlanma Tarihi

12 Mayıs 2021

Gönderilme Tarihi

24 Şubat 2021

Kabul Tarihi

26 Nisan 2021

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2021 Sayı: 31

Kaynak Göster

Chicago
Karatekeli, Emre. 2021. “THE MODERN VALUE OF THE STATE OF NATURE IN ROUSSEAU’S POLITICAL THOUGHT”. FLSF Felsefe ve Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, sy 31: 211-24. https://izlik.org/JA74EX27ME.

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