Gökçeada’nın Erken Miyosen döneminden yeni bir fosil ormanın jeolojisi ve ağaçları

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 69 Sayı: 1, 22 - 34, 01.01.2019

Yıldırım Güngör , Ünal Akkemik , Cem Kasapçı Ece Başaran

Öz

DOI: 10.26650/forestist.2019.412545

Gökçeada’da metamorfik, tortul ve volkanik
kayaçlar Paleozoyik’ten Üst Miyosen’e kadar uzanmaktadır. Silisleşmiş ağaçlar
erken Miyosen döneminden olup üç farklı evreye sahip piroklastiklerde
gözlenmiştir. Bu fazlar tam silisleşme fazı, yarım silisleşme fazı ve kömür
fazıdır. Yeni fosil orman alanı yaklaşık 1.5 kilometrekarelik bir alanı
kapsamakta ve deniz kıyısına yakın yerlerde bulunmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı, bu
fosil ormandaki ağaçları tespit etmek, fosil orman alanı oluşumu belirlemek ve
paleoklimatolojik açıdan değerlendirmektir. Üst yamaçlardan deniz kıyısına
taşınan 16 adet taşlaşmış ağaç parçası toplanmış ve her birinin üç yönünden
ince kesitler alınmıştır. Toplam 12 farklı odun tipi tespit edilmiştir. Bunlar
üç kozalaklı (Cupressinoxylon, Sequoioxylon ve Pinoxylon) ve dokuz angiosperm
cinsidir (Alnoxylon, Carpinoxylon, Ostryoxylon, Palmoxylon tip 1 ve 2,
Fagoxylon, Quercoxylon sect. Ilex, Laurinoxylon ve Platanoxylon). Gökçeada’daki
ağaç bileşimi, Midilli Adası’nın Miyosen yaşlı ağaç florasına oldukça
benzemektedir. Bu ağaç bileşimi nehir kıyısı, iyi drenajlı alçak kesim ve
kıyıya yakın bir orman varlığını göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çanakkale, Erken Miyosen, Gökçeada, piroklastik, silisleşmiş ağaç

Geology and woods of a new fossil forest from the Early Miocene of Gökçeada (Turkey)

Öz

DOI: 10.26650/forestist.2019.412545

In Gökçeada, metamorphic, sedimentary and
volcanic rocks from the period covering the Paleozoic to the Upper Miocene
periods have formed outcrops over time. A newly identified fossil forest site
in Gökçeada covers an area of approximately 1.5 square kilometers of land
situated near the coastline. Silicified trees in the area from the early
Miocene period were observed to present three phases of pyroclastic deposition,
namely: the complete silicification phase, the half silicification phase and
the coal phase. The purpose of this study is to present the paleobiology and
paleoecology of the wood flora and the geological formation of the fossil
forest site, and to evaluate this information in terms of paleoclimatology.
Sixteen (16) petrified pieces of wood thought to have originated from the upper
slopes and found on the sea shore were collected, with three planes of thin
sections taken from each one. A total of 12 types of woods were identified, as
follows: three conifers (Cupressinoxylon, Sequoioxylon and Pinoxylon) and nine
angiosperms (Alnoxylon, Carpinoxylon, Ostryoxylon, Palmoxylon type 1 and 2,
Fagoxylon, Quercoxylon sect. Ilex, Laurinoxylon and Platanoxylon). The wood
composition in Gökçeada is similar to that of the wood flora of the Miocene in
Lesvos, showing the presence of riparian, well-drained lowland and coastal
trees.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çanakkale, Gokçeada, petrified wood, Early Miocene

Kaynakça

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