Klima Dış Ünitesindeki Montaj Hatalarının Etkilerinin Ekserji Analizi Kullanılarak Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Küresel ısınmayla birlikte klima kullanımı artmaktadır. Bu durumu birçok önemli kurum da dile getirmektedir. Ancak klima montajından dolayı ciddi sorunlar ortaya çıkmıştır. Özellikle klimaların kondenser ünitesi montaj hatalarının ekserji yıkımına olan etkileri bu çalışma kapsamında ele alınmıştır. Montaj hatalarından sonra klimaların kondenser ünitesinin hava girişi çeşitli nedenlerle engellenmektedir. Bu durumun ekserji yıkımına olan etkisi incelenmiştir. Kondenser montaj hatalarında elde edilen sonuçlara göre AC sistemin ekserji verim değerleri %38 ile %19 arasında hesaplanmıştır. Kondenser-ekserji analizinde ekserji yıkımı değerlerinin %114’ü kondenserde verimsiz çalışma koşullarında oluşmaktadır. Kondenserdeki hava girişlerinin kapatılması kondenser bölümündeki ekserji yıkımının 0,35 kW’dan 0,75 kW’a çıkmasına neden olmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Klima
• Enerji
• Kurulum hatası

Evaluation of the Effects of Installation Faults in the Outdoor Unit of Air Conditioners Using Exergy Analysis

Öz

The increasing prevalence of global warming has led to a significant rise in the use of air conditioning systems, a trend widely acknowledged by numerous key institutions. However, this widespread adoption has brought about several challenges, particularly those stemming from improper installation practices. This study specifically examines the impact of installation faults in the condenser units of air conditioners on exergy destruction. One of the most critical issues identified is the blockage of the air inlet in the condenser unit, which often occurs due to installation errors. This study investigates the effects of such blockages on exergy destruction within the system. The findings indicate that installation faults in the condenser unit can substantially reduce the exergy efficiency of air conditioning systems, with efficiency values ranging from 38% to as low as 19%. Moreover, the exergy analysis of the condenser unit reveals that under inefficient operating conditions, exergy destruction increases by 114%. For example, when the air inlet of the condenser is obstructed, the exergy destruction in this section escalates from 0.35 kW to 0.75 kW, underscoring the critical impact of improper installation on system performance.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Air conditioning
• Exergy
• Installation Fault

Kaynakça

1. Saikia P, Gaurav, Rakshit D. Designing a clean and efficient air conditioner with AI intervention to optimize energy-exergy interplay. Energy AI 2020;2:100029.
2. Winkler J, Das S, Earle L, Burkett L, Robertson J, Roberts D, et al. Impact of installation faults in air conditioners and heat pumps in single-family homes on U.S. energy usage. Appl Energy 2020;278:115533.
3. Zhang R, Hong T. Modeling of HVAC operational faults in building performance simulation. Appl Energy 2017;202:178–88.
4. Domanski PA, Henderson H, Payne WV. Effect of heat pump commissioning faults on energy use in a slab-on- grade residential house. Appl Therm Eng 2015;90:352–61.
5. Yuill DP, Braun JE, Laboratories RWH, Engineering M, Drive SMJ. Evaluating the performance of fault detection and diagnostics protocols applied to air-cooled unitary air-conditioning equipment Evaluating the performance of fault detection and diagnostics protocols applied to air-cooled unitary air-conditioning equipme 2013;9669.
6. Proctor J, Neme C, Nadel S. National Energy Savings Potential From Addressing Residential HVAC Installation Problems. 1999.
7. Guan B, Liu Y, Zhang J, Chang X, Zhang T, Liu X. Enhancing exergy performance: Addressing air parameters nonuniformity at the outlet cross-section in desiccant wheel air-conditioning. Appl Therm Eng 2025;258:124672.
8. Yang Y, Yang B, Zeng J, Yin L, Xie Z. Exergy analysis of hybrid air-conditioning systems with different evaporative-cooling condensers under hot-humid climates. J Build Eng 2024;97:110692.

9. Andrade A, Zapata-Mina J, Restrepo A. Exergy and environmental assessment of R-290 as a substitute of R-410A of room air conditioner variable type based on LCCP and TEWI approaches. Results Eng 2024;21:101806.
10. Guan B, Zhang J, Zhang Q, Chang X, Zhang T, Liu X. Energy and exergy analysis for advanced air-conditioning: Comparative evaluation of electrodialysis and aerodynamic thermal methods in liquid-desiccant reconcentration. Desalination 2024;583:117721.
11. Colorado D, Rivera W, Conde-Gutiérrez RA, Jiménez-García JC. Energy and exergy analysis of an experimental NH3-LiNO3 air-conditioning absorption system. Int J Refrig 2024;165:393–405.
12. Lateef Tarish A, Talib Hamzah M, Assad Jwad W. Thermal and exergy analysis of optimal performance and refrigerant for an air conditioner split unit under different Iraq climatic conditions. Therm Sci Eng Prog 2020;19:100595.
13. Shawky Ismail M, El-Maghlany WM, Elhelw M. Utilizing the solar ice storage system in improving the energy, exergy, economic and environmental assessment of conventional air conditioning system. Alexandria Eng J 2022;61:8149–60.
14. Mishra P, Soni S, Maheshwari G. Exergetic performance analysis of low GWP refrigerants as an alternative to R410A in split air conditioner. Mater Today Proc 2022;63:406–12.
15. Kline SJ, McClintock FA. Describing uncertainties in single sample experiments. Mech Eng 1953;75:3–8.
16. Yao Y, Shekhar DK. State of the art review on model predictive control (MPC) in Heating Ventilation and Air-conditioning (HVAC) field. Build Environ 2021;200:107952.
17. Xu X, Zhong Z, Deng S, Zhang X. A review on temperature and humidity control methods focusing on air-conditioning equipment and control algorithms applied in small-to-medium-sized buildings. Energy Build 2018;162:163–76.
18. Mohanraj M, Jayaraj S, Muraleedharan C. Applications of artificial neural networks for refrigeration, air-conditioning and heat pump systems - A review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2012;16:1340–58.