Atmosferik basınç plazma uygulamasının POM ve PP malzemelerin yapıştırma bağı dayanımına etkisinin araştırılması

Öz

Polioksimetilen (POM) ve polipropilen (PP) malzemeleri otomotiv sektöründe oldukça sık kullanılan seri imalat termo-plastiklerindendir. Birçok uygulamada yüzey enerjisi düşük olan bu malzemeler mekanik aşındırma veya alkol tabanlı temizleyiciler ile silinerek yapıştırma bağına hazırlanırlar. Bu çalışmada çevreye olumsuz etkisi olan hazırlık yöntemlerinin yerine, atmosferik basınçlı plazma (ABP) yönteminin kullanılabilirliği araştırılmıştır. Plazma uygulaması ile malzemelerin yüzey enerjilerinin yükseltilmesi uzun süredir bilinen bir yöntem olmakla birlikte vakum ortamında yapılan uygulamalar son yıllarda atmosfer basıncı altında da yapılabilir hale gelmiştir. Bu şekilde yöntemin etkinliği aynı kalırken uygulaması ve maliyeti iyileşmiştir. Boyama ve yapıştırma gibi uygulamalarda, araştırmalara katkı sağlamak için, ABP yöntemiyle gerçekleştirilen deneysel çalışmalar açıklanmış ve özellikle otomotiv sektöründe sık karşılaşılan POM ve PP malzemelerin yapıştırma uygulamalarında yöntemin alternatif olabileceği gösterilmiştir. ABP yönteminin çevreci bir süreç olduğu düşünüldüğünde günümüzde polimer malzemelerin yapıştırılması alanında da alternatif olacağı anlaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Soğuk atmosferik basınçlı plazma
• yüzey aktivasyonu
• yapışma direnci
• POM
• PP

Investigation of the effect of atmospheric pressure plasma application on bond strength of POM and PP materials

Öz

Polyoxymethylene (POM) and polypropylene (PP) materials are mass production thermo-plastics that are frequently used in the automotive industry. In many applications, these materials with low surface energy are prepared for bonding by mechanical abrasion or wiping with alcohol-based cleaners. The usability of the Atmospheric Pressure Plasma (APP) method has been experimentally investigated in this study, instead of these preparation methods, which are bad for the environment. Increasing the surface energies of materials with plasma application has been a known method for a long time, but applications in vacuum environment have become possible under atmospheric pressure in recent years. In this way, the effectiveness of the method has remained the same, while its application and cost have improved. Experimental studies of the APP method to contribute to research in applications such as painting and bonding have been explained and it has been shown that the method can be an alternative for bonding applications of POM and PP materials, especially in the automotive sector. Considering that the APP method is an environmentalist process, it is understood that it will be an alternative in bonding of POM and PP materials.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Atmospheric pressure plasma
• surface activation
• adhesive strength
• POM material
• PP material

Kaynakça

1. Ferreira F.V., Pinheiro I.F., de Souza S.F., Mei L.H.I., Lona L.M.F., Polymer Composites Reinforced with Natural Fibers and Nanocellulose in the Automotive Industry: A Short Review, Journal of Composites Science, 3 (2), 2019
2. Esen S.G., Altuncu E., Üstel F., Akpınar S., Atmosferik plazma yüzey aktivasyon işlemi ile farklı yüzey tarama hızlarının polipropilen yüzey ıslatma özelliklerine etkisi, Sakarya Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 20 (2), 307-315, 2016
3. Kehrer M., Rottensteiner A., Hartl W., Duchoslav J., Thomas S., Stifter D., Cold atmospheric pressure plasma treatment for adhesion improvement on polypropylene surfaces, Surface & Coatings Technology (Surf. Coat. Technol.), 403, 2020
4. Kusano Y., Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Processing for Polymer Adhesion: A Review, Journal of Adhesion (J. Adhes.), 90 (9), 755-777, 2014
5. Mandolfino C., Lertora E., Gambaro C., Effect of cold plasma treatment on surface roughness and bonding strength of polymeric substrates, Key Engineering Materials (Key Eng. Mater.), 611-612, 1484-1493,2014
6. Kehrer M., Duchoslav j., Hinterreiter A., Surface functionalization of polypropylene using a cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet with gas water mixtures, Surface and Coatings Technology (Surf. Coat. Technol.), 384 (2020), 125170, 2020
7. Mandolfino C., Lertora E., Gambora C., Bruno M., Improving adhesion performance of polyethylene surfaces by cold plasma treatment, Meccanica, 49 (10), 2299-2306, 2014
8. Carrino L., Moroni G., Polini W., Cold plasma treatment of polypropylene surface: a study on wettability and adhesion, Journal of Materials Processing Technology (J. Mater. Process. Technol.), 121 (2-3), 373-382, 2002

9. Piel A., Definition of the Plasma State. In: Plasma Physics, Springer, 978-3-642-10490-9, Heidelberg, Berlin, Germany, 2010
10. Thurston R.M., Clay J.D., Schulte M.D., Effect of atmospheric plasma treatment on polymer surface energy and adhesion, Journal of Plastic Film and Sheeting (J. Plast. Film Sheeting), 23 (1), 63-78, 2007
11. Jordá-Vilaplana A., Fombuena V., García-García D., Samper M.D., Sánchez-Nácher L., Surface modification of polylactic acid (PLA) by air atmospheric plasma treatment, European Polymer Journal (Eur. Polym. J.), 58, 23-33, 2014
12. Kwon O.J., Tang S., Myung S.W., Lu N., Choi H.S., Surface characteristics of polypropylene film treated by an atmospheric pressure plasma, Surface Coatings Technology, 192 (1), 1-10, 2005
13. Shahidi S, Ghorannevis M., Ilali R., Karami M., Miladi M., Dyeing properties of the atmospheric pressure plasma-treated polypropylene fabric subjected to butena tetra carboxylic acid, The Journal of The Textile Institute (J. Text. Inst.), 107 (5), 636-644, 2016
14. Wang K., Wang W., Yang D., Huo Y., Wang D., Surface modification of polypropylene non-woven fabric using atmospheric nitrogen dielectric barrier discharge plasma, Applied Surface Science (Appl. Surf. Sci.), 256 (22), 6859-6864, 2010
15. Shaw D., West A., Bredin J., Wagenaars E., Mechanism behind surface modification of polypropylene film using an atmospheric-pressure plasma jet, Plasma Sources Science and Technology (Plasma Sources Sci. Technol.), 25 (6), 2016
16. Leroux F., Campagne C., Perwuelz A., Gengembre L., Polypropylene film chemical and physical modifications by dielectric barrier discharge plasma treatment at atmospheric pressure, Journal of Colloid and Interface Science (J. Colloid Interface Sci.), 328 (2), 412-420, 2008
17. Yaman N., Özdoğan E., Kocum İ.C., Ayhan H., Öktem T., Seventekin N., Improvement surface properties of polypropylene and polyester fabrics by glow discharge plasma system under atmospheric condition, Tekstil ve Konfeksiyon, 19 (1), 45-51,2009
18. Baniya H.B., Guragin R.P., Baniya B.., Subedi D.P., Cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet for the improvement of wettability of polypropylene, International Journal of Polymer Science, 2020
19. Palaskar S.S., Kale R.D., Deshmukh R.R., Application of atmospheric pressure plasma for adhesion improvement in polyurethane coating on polypropylene fabrics, Journal of Coatings Technology and Research (J. Coat. Technol. Res.), 17 (2), 485-501, 2020
20. Yaman N., Özdoğan E., Seventekin N., Atmospheric plasma treatment of polypropylene fabric for improved dyeability with insoluble textile dyestuff, Fibers and Polymers (Fibers Polym.), 12 (1), 35-51, 2011
21. Prat R., Suwa T., Kogoma M., Okazaki S., Adhesive strength study and surface analysis using gas-phase chemical reactions of atmospheric pressure plasma-treated polypropylene, Journal of Adhesion (J. Adhes.), 66 (1-4),163-182, 1998
22. McCord M.G., Hwang Y.J., Hauser P.J., Qıu Y., Cuomo J.J., Hankins O.E., Bourham M.A., Modifying nylon and polypropylene fabrics with atmospheric pressure plasmas, Textile Research Journal (Text. Res. J.), 72 (6), 491-498, 2002
23. Massines F., Gouda G., Gherardi N., Duran M., Croquesel E., The role of dielectric barrier discharge atmosphere and physics on polypropylene surface treatment, Plasmas and Polymers (Plasmas Polym.), 6 (1-2), 35-49, 2001
24. Muralidhar B., Characterization of sisal/polypropylene composites treated with plasma, Textile & Leather, 3 (4), 202-212, 2020
25. Iqbal H.M.S., Bhowmik S., Benedictus R., Surface modification of high performance polymers by atmospheric pressure plasma and failure mechanism of adhesive bonded joints, International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives (Int. J. Adhes. Adhes.), 30 (6), 418-424, 2010
26. Yin M., Huang J., Yu J., Chen G., Qu S., Wang X., Li C., The polypropylene membrane modified by an atmospheric pressure plasma jet as a seperator for lithium-ion battery, Electrochimia Acta (Electrochim. Acta), 260, 489-497,2018
27. Károly Z., Kalácska G., Zsidai L., Mohai M., Klébert S., Improvement of adhesion properties of polyamide 6 and polyoxymethylene-copolymer by atmospheric cold plasma treatment, Polymers, 10 (12), 2018