Eklemeli imalat yöntemiyle üretilen 17-4 PH çeliklerde yapı oryantasyonu ve ısıl işlemin etkileri

Öz

Bu çalışmada, eklemeli imalat yöntemlerinden Seçici Lazer Ergitme (SLM) teknolojisi kullanılarak üç farklı yapı oryantasyonunda (XY, YZ ve XZ) üretilen 17-4 PH paslanmaz çelik malzemelere uygulanan ısıl işlemin mekanik özelliklere, deformasyon dayanımına ve mikroyapıya etkileri deneysel araştırılmıştır. Sac formda üretilen deney numuneleri çökelme sertleşme ısıl işlemine tabi tutularak 17-4 PH malzeme için Kondisyon A (Kon-A) elde edilmiştir. Deneysel çalışmada üretildiği durumdaki ve Kon-A ısıl işlemli numunelerin bükme ile deformasyona karşı dayanımları 30°, 45° ve 60° açılı V-bükme kalıplarında incelenmiştir. Kon-A numuneler en fazla 45° açı sınırına kadar kırılmadan şekillendirilebilirken, üretildiği durumda olan numuneler 60° açıda deformasyona dayanarak kırılmadan şekillendirilebilmiştir. En yüksek mekanik özelliklerin hem üretildiği durumdaki hem de Kon-A için YZ yapı oryantasyonunda olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Bu durumun, üretildiği durumdaki numunelerde yüksek oranda bulunan östenitin ısıl işlem prosesi ile martenzite dönüşmesinden kaynaklandığı gözlemlenmiştir. Üretildiği durumda olan numunelerde ortalama 988 MPa maksimum çekme dayanımı ve %12,35 uzama miktarı gözlemlenirken Kon-A numunelerde ise ortalama 1370 MPa akma dayanımı ve %7,5 uzama gözlemlenmiştir. Mekanik özelliklerdeki artışa bağlı olarak geri esneme değerlerinin de Kon-A numunelerde belirgin bir artış gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• SLM
• 17-4 PH
• ısıl işlem
• mekanik özellikler

Kaynakça

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