Konglomeralarda malzeme ve kütle özelliklerinin belirlenmesi ve kaya taşıma gücü kapasitesi açısından değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 37 Sayı: 4, 2193 - 2210, 28.02.2022

İbrahim Çobanoğlu

https://doi.org/10.17341/gazimmfd.854452

Öz

Genellikle kaya malzemesi olarak kabul edilen kolüvyal çökeller, dağlık alanlardan taşınan ve daha düşük kotlarda biriken ve çeşitli çimento malzemeleriyle bağlanan jeolojik oluşumlardır. Bu çalışmada Denizli'de yaygın olarak görülen ve inşaat temel zemini olarak yayılım gösteren kolüvyal çökellere ait konglomera biriminin mühendislik özelliklerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Numune alma, bu tür birimlerin mühendislik jeolojisi özelliklerinin karakterizasyonundaki en önemli sorundur ve çoğunlukla standart test numunelerinin hazırlanması mümkün olmamaktadır. İnşaat tasarımı için konglomera biriminin taşıma kapasitesi değerleri, hem kaya malzemesi hem de kaya kütlesi özelliklerini dikkate alan yöntemlerle belirlenmektedir. Yüksek içsel sürtünme açısı değerleri nedeniyle kaya malzeme özelliklerini temel alan teorik taşıma gücü yaklaşımları çok yüksek taşıma kapasitesi değerleri vermektedir. İnşaat tasarımı açısından da büyük önem taşıyan taşıma kapasitesi kavramı, zeminlerin yanı sıra kayalar için de karmaşık bir konu olmaya devam etmektedir. Bu çalışmada, inşaat kazılarından blok örneklemeler yapılmış ve karot numuneler dikkatlice hazırlanmıştır. Örneklerin temel fiziksel özellikleri belirlenmiş ardından tek eksenli, üç eksenli sıkışma dayanımı deneyleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. İnceleme sahasında ayrıca jeofizik ölçümlerden elde edilen sismik hız değerleri elde edilmiş ve tüm parametreler taşıma gücü hesaplamalarında kullanılmıştır. Konglomera birimi gibi zayıf kayalar için kaya kütlesi özelliklerinin kullanıldığı kaya taşıma kapasitesi yaklaşımları incelenmiş ve kaya kütle özelliklerinin kullanıldığı hesaplama yaklaşımlarının tercih edilmesinin daha tutarlı sonuçlar verdiği görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kolüvyon, Konglomera, Kaya kütle özellikleri, Denizli, Kaya taşıma gücü

Kaynakça

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