Twitter’da COVID-19 aşılarına karşı kamu duyarlılığının çoğunluk oylama sınıflandırıcısı temelli makine öğrenmesi ile duygu analizi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 38 Sayı: 2, 1093 - 1104, 07.10.2022

Cihan Çılgın , Hadi Gökçen , Yılmaz Gökşen

https://doi.org/10.17341/gazimmfd.1030198

Cited By: 5

Öz

Dünyada milyarlarca kullanıcısı bulunan sosyal medya platformlarının yükselişiyle birlikte bilginin yayılması her zamankinden daha kolay hale gelmiştir. COVID-19 pandemisi aşılar da dâhil olmak üzere birçok konunun tartışılmasında sosyal medya kullanımını artırmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Türkiye’de, özellikle sosyal medya kullanıcılarının COVID-19 aşılarına ilişkin tutumunu ve endişelerini daha iyi anlamak adına Twitter üzerinde elde edilen aşıyla ilgili tweetlerin makine öğrenmesi ile kamu duyarlılığını analiz etmektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda çalışma altı farklı sınıflandırma görevinde kullanılan makine öğrenmesi algoritması karşılaştırılarak en yüksek doğruluk oranına sahip Destek Vektör Makinesi, XGBoost ve Rastgele Orman ile bir kolektif öğrenme yöntemi olan çoğunluk oylama yöntemi geliştirilmiştir. Çoğunluk oylama yöntemlerinde birisi olan Yumuşak Oylama yöntemi hem Sert Oylama yaklaşımdan hem de bireysel diğer altı makine öğrenmesi yaklaşımlarından daha yüksek başarı oranı ile %90,5 başarı oranına ulaşmıştır. En yüksek doğruluk oranına sahip olan Yumuşak Oylama yöntemi ile Twitter’dan elde edilen 153 güne ait 412.588 adet günlük tweet analiz edilerek sonuçlar raporlanmıştır. Çalışmanın bulguları son derece çarpıcı olup, diğer ülkeler üzerine yapılan çalışmalardan da farklılık göstermektedir. Bu çalışma bildiğimiz kadarıyla Türkiye’de COVID-19 aşılarına yönelik duygu analizi gerçekleştiren ilk çalışma olmakla birlikte sosyal medya üzerinden duygu analizi yaklaşımıyla COVID-19 aşılarına ilişkin duyarlılığı izlemek için değerli ve kolayca uygulanan bir araç olduğunu göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

aşı, COVID-19, duygu analizi, çoğunluk oylama sınıflandırıcısı, makine öğrenmesi

Sentiment analysis of public sensitivity to COVID-19 vaccines on twitter by majority voting classifier-based machine learning

Öz

With the rise of social media platforms, which have billions of users around the World, the dissemination of information has become easier than ever. The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the use of social media to discuss many topics, including vaccines. The aim of this study is to analyze public sentiment with Machine Learning of vaccine-related tweets obtained on Twitter in order to better understand the attitudes and concerns of social media users, especially regarding COVID-19 vaccines in Turkey. For this purpose, the majority voting method, which is an ensemble learning method, was developed by comparing the machine learning algorithm used in six different classification tasks and then via Support Vector Machine, XGBoost and Random Forest having the highest accuracy, in the study. Soft Voting method, which is one of the majority voting methods, has reached a success rate of 90.5%, with a higher success rate than both the Hard Voting approach and the other six individual machine learning approaches. With the Soft Voting method, which has the highest accuracy rate, 412,588 daily tweets from 153 days obtained from Twitter were analyzed and the results were reported. The findings of the study are very striking and differ from studies on other countries. As far as we know, this study is the first study to perform sentiment analysis on COVID-19 vaccines in Turkey, and it shows that it is a valuable and easily applied tool to monitor sensitivity to COVID-19 vaccines with sentiment analysis approach over social media.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19, vaccine, sentiment analysis, majority voting classifier, machine learning

Kaynakça

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