Orta Asya Onomastiğinde Soğudcanın İzleri

Yıl 2014, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 15, 53 - 66, 01.09.2014

Hakan Aydemir

Öz

It is a well-known fact that the Sogdians were in close contact with various peoples in Central Asia. The traces of their relations with various peoples can also be seen very well in the onomastics of Central Asia. The present study provides a small cross-section with regard to the traces of these relations in onomastics. The study gives a brief overview on the traces of the Sogdian denominal adjective suffixes +’k and +īk (i.e. -’k and -īk) in the onomastics of Central Asia as well as introduces the onomastic material derived with these Sogdian suffixes. The greater part of this material concerns Tocharians, but there are also Turkic and Mongolian names among them. At the end of the study, a map is also given that is based on Tocharian ethnotoponyms and ethnohydronyms formed with these Sogdian suffixes, which point to the former factual geographical distribution of Tocharians in and around Afghanistan. The study analyzes the following ethnonyms, ethnotoponyms and ethnohydronyms in Central Asia: Sogdak / Sugdak, Tograk / Tugrak, Tugarak, Tokarak / Tukarak, Toghārak, Tūkrīk, Sartak(tay), Ogrāk / Ugrāk

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sogdian, Tocharian, onomastics, ethnonym, ethnotoponym, ethnohydronym, Central Asian place names, Afghanistan, Tokharistan

Sogdian Traces in Central Asian Onomastics

Öz

Soğudların, Orta Asya’nın çeşitli halklarıyla geçmişte yakın ilişkiler kurdukları çok iyi biliniyor. Çeşitli halklarla kurdukları bu ilişkilerin izlerini Orta Asya onomastiğinde de çok iyi görebilmekteyiz. Bu çalışmada, bu ilişkilerin onomastikteki yansımalarına ilişkin ufak bir kesit sunuluyor. Çalışma, Soğudcadaki addan sıfat yapan +’k ve +īk (yani: -’k ve -īk) eklerinin Orta Asya onomastiğindeki izleri üzerine kısaca bilgi vererek bu eklerle türemiş onomastik malzemeyi tanıtıyor. Bu malzemenin büyük bir bölümü Toharlara ilişkin, fakat aralarında Türkçe ve Moğolca olanlar da var. Çalışmanın sonunda, Toharların geçmişte Afganistan ve çevresindeki gerçek coğrafi dağılımlarını gösteren, sözü edilen Soğudca eklerle türetilmiş Tohar boy adı kökenli yer ve su adlarının gösterildiği bir harita da veriliyor. Çalışmada, Orta Asya’daki şu boy adları, boy adı kökenli yer ve su adları inceleniyor: Sogdak / Sugdak, Tograk / Tugrak, Tugarak, Tokarak / Tukarak, Toghārak, Tūkrīk, Sartak(tay), Ogrāk / Ugrāk

Anahtar Kelimeler

Soğudlar, Toharlar, onomastik, boy adı kökenli yer adları / su adları, Orta Asya yer adları, Afganistan, Toharistan

Kaynakça

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