CONTRACTING-OUT IN THE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES

Yıl 2011, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 1, 53 - 72, 01.12.2011

Belgin Uçar Kocaoğlu

Öz

Public
administrations have entered into a compulsory transformation process since the
last quarter of the 20^th century. Traditional public administration
fell behind the economic, social, political and technological developments,
which resulted in questioning of the welfare state approach and the Keynesian
policies. As a result of these changes and transformations, public
administrations have started to shrink due to privatization policies and it is
aimed to develop a public structure which coordinates some services rather than
undertaking all of them itself.

Thanks to the
belief that efficiency of service provision will increase and its capacity meet
high-quality service demand of the service users at the highest level,
contracting-out, one of the privatization methods, has started to be used
widely in the public administration. Contracting-out brings some opportunities
like cost saving and efficiency, increasing competition and high-quality
service provision and increasing accountability and participation,
specialization, flexibility on one hand and brings some challenges like private
sector seeking only profit, difficulties in application of the contracting out
method and lack of technical personnel, possible resistance to the contracts
and increase in corruption and fraud on the other hand.

Main aim
of this study is to detect the conditions under which contracting-out can be
beneficial in public administration and the conditions under which this method
can turn into a cost element and to list the arguments in favour of and against
the contracting-out method.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Privatization, Contracting-Out, Public Administration

KAMU YÖNETİMİNDE KONTRAT YÖNTEMİ: FIRSATLAR VE TEHDİTLER

Öz

20. yüzyılın son
çeyreğinden itibaren kamu yönetimleri zorunlu bir değişim sürecine girmiştir.
Geleneksel kamu yönetiminin, yaşanan ekonomik, sosyal, siyasal ve teknolojik
gelişmeler karşısında yetersiz kalması refah devleti anlayışının ve Keynesyen
politikaların sorgulanmasına neden olmuştur. Yaşanan bu değişimler neticesinde
birçok ülkede özelleştirme politikaları ile kamu yönetimleri küçültülmeye
başlanmış ve devletin tüm işleri bizzat yerine getirmek yerine bazı hizmetleri
koordine eden bir yapıya kavuşturulması amaçlanmıştır.

Hizmet sunumunda
verimliliğin artacağı inancı ve hizmet kullanıcılarının kaliteli hizmet
taleplerinin en mükemmel ölçüde karşılanabilmesine olanak sağlaması,
özelleştirme biçimlerinden kontrat yönteminin kamu yönetiminde yaygın bir
şekilde kullanılmasına neden olmuştur. Kontrat yöntemi, maliyet tasarrufu ve
etkinlik, rekabetin artması ve kaliteli hizmet sunumu, hesap verilebilirlik ve
katılımın artması, uzmanlaşma, esneklik gibi çeşitli fırsatlar ortaya
çıkarırken, özel sektörün sadece kâr
amacı gütmesi, yöntemin uygulanmasındaki güçlükler ve teknik eleman eksikliği, kontratlara karşı çıkabilecek
direnmeler, rüşvet ve yolsuzluğun artması gibi bazı tehditler de ortaya
çıkarmaktadır.

Bu
çalışmanın temel amacı kamu yönetiminde kontrat yöntemi kullanımının hangi
durumlarda fayda sağlayacağını hangi durumlarda ise bir maliyet unsuru
olacağını tespit ederek kontrat yönteminin lehindeki ve aleyhindeki argümanları
ortaya koymaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Özelleştirme, Kontrat Yöntemi (Contracting-Out), Kamu Yönetimi

Kaynakça

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