THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN IMPULSIVE DRIVING AND DRIVING ANGER EXPRESSION IN TRAFFIC SAFETY CONTEXT

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 329 - 354, 13.11.2018

Özgün Özkan İbrahim Öztürk Bahar Öz

https://doi.org/10.28956/gbd.482092

Cited By: 2

Öz

Safety and security
have been studied under different dimensions, like military and economic
security, or at different levels like individual and societal levels. At the
present time, safety and security in traffic context is an issue manifesting
itself on different dimensions and at different levels; in addition to being an
underestimated societal health and security problem. This fact shows the
importance of investigating the characteristics of the behaviors which can be
accepted as offense or having the potential to constitute an offense. The aim
of the present study is investigating the relationships between impulsive
driving and driving anger expression, as two individual characteristics being
related to risky driving, by using context-specific measures. A total of 237
licensed university students between the ages of 18 and 25 participated into
the study. The participants were asked to complete a questionnaire including a
demographic information form, the Impulsive Driver Behavior Scale, and the
Driving Anger Expression Inventory. To investigate the relationship between
impulsive driving and driving anger expression, hierarchical regression
analyses were conducted after controlling for the statistical effects of gender
and lifetime kilometer. The results showed that impulsive driving is related to
the driving anger expression among young drivers. Especially, driver urgency is
positively related to aggressive expression of driving anger, whereas it is
negatively related to adaptive/constructive anger expression. In the present
study, the relationship between impulsive driving and driving anger expression
was studied for the first time in the literature by using context-specific
measures. The results of the study were discussed in relation to safety and security
in traffic context.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Driving Anger, Impulsive Driving, Driver Behaviors, Traffic Safety

TRAFİK GÜVENLİĞİ BAĞLAMINDA DÜRTÜSEL SÜRÜCÜLÜĞÜN SÜRÜCÜ ÖFKE İFADESİ İLE İLİŞKİSİ

Öz

Güvenlik, askerî güvenlik, ekonomik güvenlik gibi farklı boyutlarda ve
bireysel, toplumsal seviye gibi farklı seviyelerde incelenebilen bir kavramdır.
Trafik bağlamında güvenlik de farklı boyut ve seviyelerde kendini gösteren,
günümüzde önemi azımsanan bir konu ve toplum sağlığı ve güvenliği problemidir.
Bu durum, trafik ortamlarında suç sayılan veya suç oluşturma potansiyeline
sahip davranış ve özelliklerin incelenmesinin önemini göstermektedir. Bu
çalışmanın amacı, bu özellikler arasında yer alan dürtüsel sürücülük ve sürücü
öfke ifadesi değişkenleri arasındaki ilişkinin trafik ortamına özgü ölçümler
kullanılarak araştırılmasıdır. Çalışmaya, 18-25 yaş aralığında 237 ehliyet
sahibi üniversite öğrencisi katılmıştır. Katılımcılardan demografik bilgi
formu, Dürtüsel Sürücü Davranışları Ölçeği ve Sürücü Öfke İfadesi Ölçeği’nden
oluşan anketi yanıtlamaları istenmiştir. Dürtüsel sürücülük ve sürücü öfke
ifadesi arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amacıyla cinsiyet ve hayat boyu
gidilen yol miktarı değişkenlerinin istatistiksel etkileri kontrol edilerek
hiyerarşik regresyon analizleri yapılmıştır. Sonuçlar, genç sürücülerde
dürtüsel sürücülük alt boyutlarının sürücü öfke ifadesiyle ilişkili olduğunu
göstermektedir. Özellikle sürücü sıkışıklığı, sürücü öfkesinin saldırgan ifade
boyutlarıyla pozitif ilişki gösterirken, uyum sağlayıcı/yapıcı ifadesi ile
negatif ilişki göstermiştir. Bu çalışma kapsamında literatürde ilk defa sürücü
dürtüselliğinin sürücü öfke ifadesi ile ilişkisi, trafik ortamına özgü
ölçümlerin kullanımı ile incelenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar trafik güvenliği
ile ilişkilendirilerek tartışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sürücü Öfkesi, Dürtüsel Sürücülük, Sürücü Davranışları, Trafik Güvenliği

Kaynakça

• Arnett, J. J. (1994). Sensation seeking: a new conceptualization and a new scale. Personality and Individual Differences, 16, 289–296.
• Bachoo, S., Bhagwanjee, A. ve Govender, K. (2013). The influence of anger, impulsivity, sensation seeking and driver attitudes on risky driving behaviour among post-graduate university students in Durban, South Africa. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 55, 67–76.
• Barratt, E. S. (1994). Impulsiveness and aggression. İçinde J. Monahan ve H. J. Steadman (Ed.) Violence and Mental Disorder: Developments in Risk Assessment (10, ss. 61–79). Chicago, IL, US: University of Chicago Press.
• Berdoulat, E., Vavassori, D. ve Sastre, M. T. M. (2013). Driver anger, emotional and instrumental aggressiveness, and impulsiveness in the prediction of aggressive and transgressive driving. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 50, 758–767.
• Bıçaksız, P. (2015). The differential associations of functional and dysfunctional impulsivity with driver behaviors and skills, accidents and offences (Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi). Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi, Ankara.
• Bıçaksız, P. ve Özkan, T. (2016a). Impulsivity and driver behaviors, offences and accident involvement: A systematic review. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 38, 194–223.
• Bıçaksız, P. ve Özkan, T. (2016b). Developing the impulsive driver behavior scale. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 43, 339–356.
• Chapman, P. ve Underwood, G. (2000). Forgetting near‐accidents: the roles of severity, culpability and experience in the poor recall of dangerous driving situations. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 14(1), 31–44.
• Dahlen, E. R. ve White, R. P. (2006). The big five factors, sensation seeking, and driving anger in the prediction of unsafe driving. Personality and Individual Differences, 41, 903–915.
• Dahlen, E. R., Martin, R. C., Ragan, K. ve Kuhlman, M. M. (2005). Driving anger, sensation seeking, impulsiveness, and boredom proneness in the prediction of unsafe driving. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 37(2), 341–348.
• de Wit, H. (2009). Impulsivity as a determinant and consequence of drug use: a review of underlying processes. Addiction Biology, 14(1), 22–31.
• Deffenbacher, J. L. (1992). Trait anger: Theory, findings, and implications. İçinde C. D. Spielberger ve J. N. Butcher (Ed.), Advances in personality assessment (9, ss. 177–201) Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
• Deffenbacher, J. L. (2009). Angry drivers: Characteristics and clinical interventions. Revista Mexicana de Psicologia, 26(1), 5–16.
• Deffenbacher, J. L., Lynch, R. S., Oetting, E. R. ve Swaim, R. C. (2002). The driving anger expression ınventory: A measure of how people express their anger on the road. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 40(6), 717–737.
• Deffenbacher, J. L., Deffenbacher, D. M., Lynch, R. S. ve Richards, T. L. (2003). Anger, aggression, and risky behavior: a comparison of high and low anger drivers. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 41(6), 701–718.
• Depue, R. A. ve Collins, P. F. (1999). Neurobiology of the structure of personality: Dopamine, facilitation of incentive motivation, and extraversion. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 22(03), 491–517.
• Dickman, S. J. (1990). Functional and dysfunctional impulsivity: personality and cognitive correlates. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58(1), 95–102.
• Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (2015). Global Status Report on Road Safety 2015, Erişim tarihi: 15 Ağustos 2017, http://www.who.int/violence_ injury_prevention/road_safety_status/2015/en/.
• Elander, J., West, R. ve French, D. (1993). Behavioural correlates of individual differences in road-traffic crash risk: an examination of methods and findings. Psychological Bulletin, 113, 279–294.
• Eşiyok, B., Yasak, Y. ve Korkusuz, İ. (2007). Trafikte öfke ifadesi: sürücü öfke ifadesi envanteri’nin geçerlik ve güvenilirliği. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 18(3), 231–243.
• Evans, L. (2004). Traffic safety. Bloomfield Hills MI: Science Serving Society.
• Gebru, M. K. (2017). Road traffic accident: Human security perspective. International journal of peace and development studies, 8(2), 15-24.
• Hansen, C. P. (1988). Personality characteristics of the accident involved employee. Journal of Business and Psychology, 2(4), 346–365.
• Haukeland, J. V. (1996). Welfare consequences of injuries due to traffic accidents. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 28(1), 63–72.
• Hennessy, D. (2011). Social, personality, and affective constructs in driving. İçinde B. E. Porter. (Ed.), Handbook of Traffic Psychology (ss. 149-163). Amsterdam: Elsevier.
• Karamanoğlu, Y. E. ve Akdi, Y. (2015). Regional crime analysis of Turkey: a time series approach. Güvenlik Bilimleri Dergisi, 4(1), 55–85.
• Kovácsová, N., Lajunen, T. ve Rošková, E. (2016). Aggression on the road: Relationships between dysfunctional impulsivity, forgiveness, negative emotions, and aggressive driving. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 42, 286–298.
• Lajunen, T. ve Summala, H. (2003). Can we trust self-reports of driving? Effects of impression management on driver behaviour questionnaire responses. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 6(2), 97–107.
• Lajunen, T., Corry, A., Summala, H. ve Hartley, L. (1998). Cross-cultural differences in drivers’ self-assessment of their perceptual-motor and safety skills: Australians and Finns. Personality and Individual Differences, 24(4), 539–550.
• Lewin, I. (1982). Driver training: a perceptual-motor skill approach. Ergonomics, 25(10), 917–924.
• Lochman, J. E., Powell, N., Clanton, N., ve McElroy, H. (2006). Anger and aggression. G. Bear ve K. M. Minke (Ed.) Children’s Needs III, içinde 115–133. Washington, DC: National Association of School Psychology.
• Mizell, L., Joint, M. ve Connell, D. (1997). Aggressive driving: Three studies. AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety, 1–13.
• Özkan, T. ve Lajunen, T. (2011). Person and environment: Traffic culture. B. E. Porter (Ed.), Handbook of Traffic Psychology içinde 179-192. Elsevier: New York.
• Parker, D., Reason, J., Manstead, A. ve Stradling, S., (1995). Driving errors, driving violations and accident involvement. Ergonomics, 38, 1036–1048.
• Ramirez, J. M. ve Andreu, J. M. (2006). Aggression, and some related psychological constructs (Anger, hostility and impulsivity) some comments from a research project. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 30(3), 276-291.
• Ryb, G. E., Dischinger, P. C., Kufera, J. A. ve Read, K. M. (2006). Risk perception and impulsivity: Association With Risky Behaviors And Substance Abuse Disorders. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 38(3), 567–573.
• Săucan, D. Ş., Micle, M. I., Popa, C. ve Oancea, G. (2012). Violence and aggressiveness in traffic. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 33, 343–347.
• Shorey, R. C., Brasfield, H., Febres, J. ve Stuart, G. L. (2011). The association between impulsivity, trait anger, and the perpetration of intimate partner and general violence among women arrested for domestic violence. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 26(13), 2681-2697.
• Smith, P., Waterman, M. ve Ward, N. (2006). Driving aggression in forensic and non‐forensic populations: relationships to self‐reported levels of aggression, anger and impulsivity. British Journal of Psychology, 97(3), 387-403.
• Spielberger, C. D. (1999). State-trait anger expression ınventory-2: professional manual. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
• Türk Dil Kurumu (2018). Güncel Türkçe Sözlük. Erişim tarihi: 15 Şubat 2018, http://www.tdk.gov.tr/.