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Distinguishing Osteosarcoma and Chondrosarcoma Using Radiomic Features Derived from T2-Weighted MR Images: A Pilot Study

Cilt: 36 Sayı: 2026 28 Nisan 2026
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Distinguishing Osteosarcoma and Chondrosarcoma Using Radiomic Features Derived from T2-Weighted MR Images: A Pilot Study

Öz

Aim: Osteosarcoma (OS) and chondrosarcoma (CS) are common malignant bone tumors with overlapping clinical and radiological features, making accurate differentiation challenging. Biopsy, the gold standard, is invasive and prone to sampling errors. This pilot study aimed to evaluate whether radiomic features from T2-Weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can non-invasively distinguish OS from CS.
Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 29 histopathologically confirmed patients (OS=15, CS=14). Pre-treatment T2WI scans were acquired on 1.5T/3T MRI scanners. An experienced radiologist manually segmented tumors, excluding hemorrhage, necrosis, or edema. 107 radiomic features extracted. Features were ranked by combining statistical testing with Principal Component Analysis (PCA) loadings, and the top five were retained. A baseline linear discriminant analysis (LDA) was evaluated with five-fold stratified cross-validation, and an advanced pipeline (standardization, SMOTE, kernel PCA, LDA, and RBF-SVM) was optimized by grid search and cross-validation on the training set, and subsequently tested on an independent split. Model performance was evaluated with accuracy, F1 score, balanced accuracy, ROC–AUC, and confusion matrices, expressed as misclassification between tumor subtypes.
Results: Of 107 extracted radiomic features, shape and texture metrics were most highly prioritized. A baseline LDA achieved modest cross-validated accuracy (0.53) with respect to OS but showed significant class separation. The optimized pipeline improved test performance, reaching a balanced accuracy of 0.83, F1 score of 0.86, ROC–AUC of 0.78, and 100% sensitivity with respect to OS at the optimal threshold.
Conclusions: Radiomic analysis of pre-treatment T2WIs shows promise for differentiating osteosarcoma from chondrosarcoma, achieving high sensitivity and balanced accuracy, and may serve as a complementary tool to conventional diagnosis in musculoskeletal oncology.
 

Anahtar Kelimeler

osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, MRI, radiomics, T2WI

Etik Beyan

The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Gazi University Faculty of Medicine (Date: July 29, 2025; Research Code No: 2025-1366). Due to its retrospective design, informed consent was waived.

Kaynakça

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Kaynak Göster

APA
Yazol, M., Keser, A. C., Kesen Özbek, S., Akdulum, İ., & Boyunaga, Ö. L. (2026). Distinguishing Osteosarcoma and Chondrosarcoma Using Radiomic Features Derived from T2-Weighted MR Images: A Pilot Study. Genel Tıp Dergisi, 36(2026), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.54005/geneltip.1746638
AMA
1.Yazol M, Keser AC, Kesen Özbek S, Akdulum İ, Boyunaga ÖL. Distinguishing Osteosarcoma and Chondrosarcoma Using Radiomic Features Derived from T2-Weighted MR Images: A Pilot Study. Genel Tıp Derg. 2026;36(2026):1-7. doi:10.54005/geneltip.1746638
Chicago
Yazol, Merve, Aydin Cem Keser, Sevcihan Kesen Özbek, İsmail Akdulum, ve Öznur Leman Boyunaga. 2026. “Distinguishing Osteosarcoma and Chondrosarcoma Using Radiomic Features Derived from T2-Weighted MR Images: A Pilot Study”. Genel Tıp Dergisi 36 (2026): 1-7. https://doi.org/10.54005/geneltip.1746638.
EndNote
Yazol M, Keser AC, Kesen Özbek S, Akdulum İ, Boyunaga ÖL (01 Nisan 2026) Distinguishing Osteosarcoma and Chondrosarcoma Using Radiomic Features Derived from T2-Weighted MR Images: A Pilot Study. Genel Tıp Dergisi 36 2026 1–7.
IEEE
[1]M. Yazol, A. C. Keser, S. Kesen Özbek, İ. Akdulum, ve Ö. L. Boyunaga, “Distinguishing Osteosarcoma and Chondrosarcoma Using Radiomic Features Derived from T2-Weighted MR Images: A Pilot Study”, Genel Tıp Derg, c. 36, sy 2026, ss. 1–7, Nis. 2026, doi: 10.54005/geneltip.1746638.
ISNAD
Yazol, Merve - Keser, Aydin Cem - Kesen Özbek, Sevcihan - Akdulum, İsmail - Boyunaga, Öznur Leman. “Distinguishing Osteosarcoma and Chondrosarcoma Using Radiomic Features Derived from T2-Weighted MR Images: A Pilot Study”. Genel Tıp Dergisi 36/2026 (01 Nisan 2026): 1-7. https://doi.org/10.54005/geneltip.1746638.
JAMA
1.Yazol M, Keser AC, Kesen Özbek S, Akdulum İ, Boyunaga ÖL. Distinguishing Osteosarcoma and Chondrosarcoma Using Radiomic Features Derived from T2-Weighted MR Images: A Pilot Study. Genel Tıp Derg. 2026;36:1–7.
MLA
Yazol, Merve, vd. “Distinguishing Osteosarcoma and Chondrosarcoma Using Radiomic Features Derived from T2-Weighted MR Images: A Pilot Study”. Genel Tıp Dergisi, c. 36, sy 2026, Nisan 2026, ss. 1-7, doi:10.54005/geneltip.1746638.
Vancouver
1.Merve Yazol, Aydin Cem Keser, Sevcihan Kesen Özbek, İsmail Akdulum, Öznur Leman Boyunaga. Distinguishing Osteosarcoma and Chondrosarcoma Using Radiomic Features Derived from T2-Weighted MR Images: A Pilot Study. Genel Tıp Derg. 01 Nisan 2026;36(2026):1-7. doi:10.54005/geneltip.1746638