Obstacle Course: Assessment of Functional Mobility and Balance in the Elderly

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2, 56 - 61, 31.08.2022

Hasan Yılmaz , Barış Gürpınar , Hülya Tuna , Nursen İlçin

https://doi.org/10.47141/geriatrik.1021870

Öz

An Obstacle Course (OC) is a series of physical obstacles that individuals or teams must overcome in a certain time period. OC applications are differentiated by changing walking, running, climbing, splashing, crawling, balance, or mental parameters for its purpose. In order to assess and treat balance and mobility problems in the elderly population, the obstacles on the course are designed to simulate the activities they encounter in daily life. The OCs used in this group generally consist of different surfaces, obstacles of various heights, and obstacles such as stairs and ramps. In the literature, there are OC examples with various parts, such as walking, jumping over obstacles, climbing stairs, and walking on different surfaces. However, there is no standardization on the content (duration, number of obstacles, length, material used) of OCs used for evaluation and treatment purposes. Although OCs are structured in different features, their most significant advantage is their ability to simulate real-life functional tasks and to provide functionally oriented information about dynamic balance and mobility in the person-environment relationship during the performance of these tasks. Exercise programs aimed at preventing falls in the elderly are becoming more functional day by day. Nevertheless, balance and fall assessments in the elderly with a history of falls are usually performed with laboratory or clinical tests. These tests, which are used in balance assessment, are mostly far from reflecting the activities of the individual in daily life and the problems encountered in daily life. OCs provide essential advantages in measuring balance and other parameters against the obstacles encountered in daily life and offering treatment opportunities.

Anahtar Kelimeler

obstacle course, elderly, balance, fall

Engel Parkuru: Yaşlılarda Fonksiyonel Mobilite ve Denge Değerlendirmesi

Öz

Engel parkuru (EP), bireylerin ya da takımların belli bir zaman diliminde aşması gereken fiziksel engeller serisidir. EP uygulamaları, amacına yönelik olarak yürüme, koşu, tırmanma, sıçrama, sürünme, denge veya zihinsel parametreleri yerleştirilerek farklılaştırılır. Yaşlı popülasyonda, denge ve hareketlilik problemlerini belirlemek ve tedavi etmek amacıyla, parkurdaki engeller günlük yaşamda karşılaştıkları aktiviteleri simule edecek şekilde tasarlanır. Bu grupta kullanılan EP’ler genel olarak; farklı zeminler, çeşitli yükseklikteki engeller, merdiven ve rampa gibi engellerden oluşur. Literatürde yürüme, engel üzerinden atlama, merdiven çıkma, farklı zeminlerde yürüme gibi çeşitli bölümlerden oluşan EP örnekleri yer almaktadır. Ancak hem değerlendirme hem de tedavi amacıyla kullanılan engel parkurlarının içeriği (süresi, engel sayısı, uzunluğu, kullanılan materyal) konusunda bir standardizasyon bulunmamaktadır. EP’ler farklı özelliklerde yapılandırılmış olsalar da en büyük avantajları, gerçek yaşamdaki fonksiyonel görevlerin simüle edilmesi ve bu görevlerin gerçekleştirilmesi sırasında, kişi-çevre ilişkisinde dinamik denge ve mobilite hakkında işlevsel olarak yönlendirilmiş bilgi sağlama yetenekleridir. Yaşlılarda düşmeleri önlemeye yönelik egzersiz programları gün geçtikçe daha fonksiyonel olmaya başlamasına karşın düşme öyküsü olan yaşlılarda denge ve düşme değerlendirmeleri genellikle laboratuvar ya da klinik testler ile yapılmaktadır. Denge değerlendirmesinde kullanılan bu testler çoğunlukla bireyin günlük yaşamdaki aktivitelerini ve günlük yaşamda karşılaşılan sorunları yansıtmaktan uzaktır. Engel parkurları kişinin günlük yaşamda karşılaşılan engeller karşısında denge ve diğer parametreleri ölçmesi ve tedavi olanağı sunması açısından önemli avantajlar sağlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

engel parkuru, yaşlı, denge, düşme

Kaynakça

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