Understanding Social Structures in Education: A Review on Sociometrics and Social Network Analysis

Öz

Relationships between individuals play an important role in educational processes by forming social structures and interaction networks. Sociometrics and social network analysis are two important methods that contribute to understanding social structures and dynamics in educational settings by analysing social ties between individuals. This research was conducted with a review design from qualitative research methods and aims to address and explain sociometry and social network analysis methods in education with a holistic approach based on the studies in the literature. In this context, the use of sociometrics and social network analysis in educational research, the main features, similarities and differences of both methods are presented. Sociometry helps to understand the social structure in the classroom by analysing individuals' social preferences and emotional ties. It is used to determine the level of social acceptance among students, to identify excluded individuals and to examine group dynamics. Social network analysis focuses on understanding processes such as information flow and collaboration in education by examining structural relationships between individuals and groups. The combination of these two methods allows for a comprehensive analysis of social relationships at individual and system level in education. The widespread use of these methods in educational research may contribute to a better understanding of the social dynamics of learning environments.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Educational research
• Group dynamic
• Social network analysis
• Sociometrics

Eğitimde Sosyal Yapıları Anlamak: Sosyometri ve Sosyal Ağ Analizi Üzerine Bir Derleme

Öz

Bireyler arasındaki ilişkiler, sosyal yapıları ve etkileşim ağlarını oluşturarak eğitim süreçlerinde önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Sosyometri ve sosyal ağ analizi, bireyler arasındaki sosyal bağları inceleyerek eğitim ortamlarındaki sosyal yapıları ve dinamikleri anlamaya katkı sağlayan iki önemli yöntemdir. Bu araştırma, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden derleme deseniyle gerçekleştirilmiş olup, eğitimde sosyometri ve sosyal ağ analizi yöntemlerini alanyazındaki çalışmalardan hareketle bütüncül bir yaklaşımla ele almayı ve açıklamayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu kapsamda, eğitim araştırmalarında sosyometri ve sosyal ağ analizinin kullanımı, her iki yöntemin temel özellikleri, benzerlikleri ve farklılıkları ortaya konmuştur. Sosyometri, bireylerin sosyal tercihlerini ve duygusal bağlarını analiz ederek sınıf içi sosyal yapıyı anlamaya yardımcı olmaktadır. Öğrenciler arasındaki sosyal kabul düzeyini belirlemek, dışlanmış bireyleri tespit etmek ve grup dinamiklerini incelemek için kullanılmaktadır. Sosyal ağ analizi ise bireyler ve gruplar arasındaki yapısal ilişkileri inceleyerek, eğitimde bilgi akışı ve iş birliği gibi süreçleri anlamaya odaklanmaktadır. Bu iki yöntemin bir arada kullanılması, eğitimde bireysel ve sistem düzeyinde sosyal ilişkileri kapsamlı bir şekilde analiz etmeye olanak tanımaktadır. Eğitim araştırmalarında bu yöntemlerin yaygınlaşması, öğrenme ortamlarının sosyal dinamiklerinin daha iyi anlaşılmasına katkı sağlayabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Eğitim araştırmaları
• Grup dinamikleri
• Sosyal ağ analizi
• Sosyometri

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