PRODUCTION OF PROPOLIS POWDER BY VACUUM DRYING AND SOME PROPERTIES OF THE POWDER

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine some properties of propolis powder produced by vacuum-drying of propolis 70% of ethanol extract with gum arabic. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of sample were 5.65 g GAE/100 g and 1.08 g QE/100 g, respectively, and these results were lower than the those of raw propolis. Furthermore, TEAC and CUPRAC results of sample were 541.54 and 462.47 µmol TE/g, respectively. Hausner ratio and Carr index values were 1.33 and 24.65%, respectively, and flowability was passable. It was concluded that, moisture adsorption of propolis powder showed Type 2 characteristics, monolayer moisture content was ≤5.44 g/100 g, and BET, Halsey and Kuhn models had a good fit to the moisture adsorption of propolis powder at 25°C. As a result, it was evaluated that produced propolis powder contains bioactive components and can be safely stored at a moisture content lower than 5.44 g/100 g.

Keywords

• Propolis
• Carr index
• phenolic
• adsorption
• Halsey

VAKUM KURUTMA YÖNTEMİ İLE PROPOLİS TOZU ÜRETİMİ VE TOZUN BAZI ÖZELLİKLERİ

Öz

Araştırmada %70 etanol ile ekstrakte edilmiş propolisin Arap zamkı ilavesiyle ve vakumda kurutulmasıyla üretilen propolis tozunun bazı özelliklerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Propolis tozunun toplam fenolik madde ve flavonoid içerikleri sırasıyla 5.65 g gallik asit eşdeğeri/100 g ve 1.08 g kuersetin eşdeğeri/100 g olarak belirlenmiş ve bu sonuçların ham propolis örneğine ait sonuçlardan daha düşük olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca üretilen tozun TEAC ve CUPRAC analiz sonuçları sırasıyla 541.54 ve 462.47 µmol Troloks eşdeğeri/g olarak bulunmuştur. Hausner oranı ve Carr indeksi değerleri sırasıyla 1.33 ve %24.65 olarak belirlenmiş olup, toz örneğin akışkanlığının orta düzeyde olduğu değerlendirilmiştir. Propolis tozunun nem adsorpsiyonunun Tip 2 özellik gösterdiği, tek tabaka su içeriğinin ≤5.44 g/100 g olduğu ve BET, Halsey ve Kuhn modellerinin 25°C sıcaklıkta nem adsorpsiyonunu daha iyi temsil ettiği belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak üretilen propolis tozunun biyoaktif bileşenler içerdiği ve 5.44 g/100 g değerinden daha düşük nem içeriğinde güvenli olarak muhafaza edilebileceği değerIendirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Propolis
• Carr indeks
• fenolik
• adsorpsiyon
• Halsey

Kaynakça

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