A Rapid Method Intended for the Determination of Salmonella spp. From Chicken Meats (Turkish with English Abstract)

Öz

Since contaminated chicken meats have been the principal foodborne source of the contamination of Salmonella to humanbeings and cultural detection methods are time-consuming; in this study, which had been based on the improvement of a Salmonella spp. detection method that can give rapid and high sensitivity result in chicken meats, firstly chicken meat samples, in which no Salmonella contamination had been determined by using ISO 6579 reference method, were inoculated with Salmonella Enteritidis culture and after the 16-hour non selective pre-enrichment stage, approximately 1 or 10 cfu/25 gram chicken meat levels of target bacteria determination was ensured in totally 20 hours by using immunomagnetic separation-polymerase chain reaction (IMS-PCR) method.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• IMS, PZR, Salmonella, chicken meat

Tavuk Etlerinden Salmonella spp. Belirlenmesine Yönelik Hızlı bir Yöntem

Öz

Kontamine olmuş tavuk etlerinin, Salmonellaların insanlara bulaşmasına neden olan başlıca gıda kaynağı olmaları ve kültürel belirleme yöntemlerinin zaman alıcı olmaları nedenleri ile, tavuk etlerinde hızlı ve yüksek duyarlılıkta sonuç verebilecek bir Salmonella spp. belirleme yönteminin geliştirilmesi üzerine yapılan bu çalışmada, ilk olarak ISO 6579 referans yöntemi kullanılarak Salmonella kontaminasyonu olmadığı belirlenen tavuk eti örnekleri, Salmonella Enteritidis kültürü ile inoküle edilmiş ve 16 saatlik seçici olmayan bir ön-zenginleştirme işleminin ardından immünomanyetik ayırma-polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (İMA-PZR) yöntemi kullanılarak, yaklaşık 1 veya 10 kob/25 gram tavuk eti seviyesindeki hedef bakterinin, toplam 20 saat gibi kısa bir sürede belirlenebilmesi sağlanmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İMA, PZR, Salmonella, tavuk eti

Kaynakça

1. http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5514a2.htm
2. http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm5614a4.htm
3. D’Aoust JY. 1991. Pathogenicity of foodborne Salmonella, International J Food Microbiol, 12: 14-70.
4. Hedberg CW, MacDonald, KL and Osterholm, MT. 1994. Changing epidemiology of food-borne disease: a Minnesota perspective. Clin Infect Dis, 18: 671-682.
5. Altekruse SF, Bauer N, Chanlongbutra, A, DeSagun R, Naugle A, Schlosser W, Umholtz R and White P. 2006. Salmo- nellaEnteritidis in broiler chickens, United States, 2000-2005. Emerg Infect Dis, 12: 1848-1852.
6. Mandrell RE and Wachtel MR. 1999. Novel detection techniques for human pathogens that contaminate poultry. Curr Opin Biotech, 10: 273-278.
7. Carli KT, Eyigor A and Caner V. 2001. Prevalence of Salmonella serovars in chickens in Turkey. J Food Protect, 64: 1832-1835.
8. Eyigor A, Goncagul G, Gunaydin E and Carli KT. 2005. Salmonella profile in chickens determined by real-time polyme- rase chain reaction and bacteriology from years 2000 to 2003 in Turkey, Avian Pathol, 34 (2) 101-105.

9. Rijpens N, Herman L, Vereecken F, Jannes G, Smedt JD and Zutter LD. 1999. Rapid detection of stressed Salmonel- laspp. in dairy and egg products using immunomagnetic separation and PCR. Int J Food Microbiol. 46: 37-44.
10. Boraychuk VM, Gensler GE, McFall ME, King RK and Renter DG. 2007. A real-time PCR assay for the detection of Sal- monellain a wide variety of food and food-animal matrices. J Food Protect, 70 (5): 1080-1087.
11. Mansfield LP and Forsythe SJ. 2000. Detection of salmonellae in food, Rev Med Microbiol, 11 (1): 37-46.
12. Seo KH, Valentin-Bon IE, Brackett RE and Holt PS. 2004. Rapid, specific detection of Salmonella Enteritidis in pooled eggs by real-time PCR. J Food Protect, 67 (5): 864-869.
13. Pan T-M and Liu Y-J. 2002. Identification of Salmonella enteritidis isolates by polymerase chain reaction and multiplex polymerase chain reaction. J Microbiol, Immunol Infect, 35: 147-151.
14. Riyaz-Ul-Hassan S, Verma V and Qazi GN. 2004. Rapid detection of Salmonella by polymerase chain reaction. Mol Cell Probe, 18: 333-339.
15. Jeníková G, Pazlarová J and Demnerová K. 2000. Detection of Salmonella in food samples by the combination of im- munomagnetic separation and PCR assay. Int Microbiol, 3: 225-229.
16. S˘panová A, Rittich B, Horák D, Lenfeld J, Prode˘lalová J, Suc˘iková J and S˘trumcová S. 2003. Immunomagnetic sepa- ration and detection of Salmonella cells using newly designed carriers. J Chromatogr A, 1009: 215-221.
17. S˘panová A, Rittich B, Karpís˘ková R, C˘echová L and S˘kapová D. 2001. PCR identification of Salmonella cells in food and stool samples after immunomagnetic separation. Bioseparation, 9: 379-384.
18. Fratamico PM and Crawford CG. 1999. Detection by commercial particle-based assays. In Encylopedia of Food Micro- biology, Volume 2, RK Robinson (chief ed), pp. 655-661, Academic Press, Great Britain.
19. Safarik I and Safarikova M, 1999. Review: Use of magnetic techniques for the isolation of cells. J Chromatogr B, 722: 33-53.
20. Skjerve E and Olsvik O. 1991. Immunomagnetic separation of Salmonella from foods. Int J Food Microbiol, 14: 11-18.
21. Molla B, Kleer J and Sinell H-J. 1994. Detection of Salmonella in foods by immunomagnetic separation. Arch Lebens- mittelhyg, 45 (5): 110-113.
22. Cudjoe KS, Krona R and Olsen NN. 1994. IMS: a new selective technique for detection of Salmonella in foods. Int J Fo- od Microbiol, 23: 159-165.
23. Mansfield LP and Forsythe SJ. 1993. Immunomagnetic separation as an alternative to enrichment broths for Salmonel- ladetection. Lett Appl Microbiol, 16: 122-125.
24. Rahn K, de Grandis SA, Clarke RC, McEwen SA, Galan JE, Ginocchio C, Curtis III R and Gyles CL. 1992. Amplificati- on of an invA gene sequence of Salmonella typhimurium by polymerase chain reaction as a specific method for detec- tion of Salmonella. Mol Cell Prob, 6: 271-279.
25. Heyndrickx M, Vandekerchove D, Herman L, Rollier I, Grijspeerdt K and De Zutter L. 2002. Routes for Salmonella con- tamination of poultry meat: epidemiological study from hatchery to slaughterhouse. Epidemiol Infect, 129: 253-265.
26. Widjojoatmodjo MN, Fluit AC, Torensma R, Keller BHI and Verhoef J. 1991. Evaluation of the magnetic immuno PCR assay for rapid detection of Salmonella. Eur J Clin Microbiol, 10 (11): 935-938.
27. Suslow TV, Wu J, Fett WF and Harris LJ. 2002. Detection and elimination of Salmonella Mbandaka from naturally con- taminated alfalfa seed by treatment with heat or calcium hypochlorite. J Food Protect, 65 (3): 452-458.