The Inhibition of Contaminated Molds by Some Essential Oils in Cheeses (Turkish with English Abstract)

Öz

Mould contamination causes significant quality problems and economical consequences for the cheese producers. The contaminated fungi strains isolated from cheeses have been commonly determined as Penicillium commune, P. verrucosum, P. roqueforti, P. palitans, Aspergillus şavus and Geotrichum candidum. Sorbic acid or its salts are applied on surface of cheeses for inhibiting spoilage moulds. Restrictions imposed by the food industry and regulatory agencies on the use of some synthetic food additives have led to search for natural antimicrobial compounds. Herbs and spices have effective compounds to ensure microbiological safety of foods. Salvia officinalis (sage), Laurus nobilis (laurel), Cinnamomum zeylanicum (cinnamon), Thymus vulgaris (thyme), Cymbopogon citratus (lemon grass), Origanum vulgare (oregano) essential oils (Eos) could inhibit the spoilage mould şora in cheeses. It has been reported that Eos of thymol and clove inhibit the growth of P. citrinum in Cheddar cheese and A. şavus in Kashar cheese; olive leaf extracts inhibit the growth of A. niger, P. citrinum, P. roqueforti in Tulum cheese and Mucor racemosus in White cheese.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Cheese, contaminated molds, essential oil

Peynirlere Kontamine Olan Küflerin Bazı Esansiyel Yağlar ile İnhibisyonu

Öz

Küf kontaminasyonu önemli kalite problemlerine ve peynir üreticilerine ekonomik kayıplara neden olmaktadır. Peynirlerden yaygın olarak izole edilen kontamine küf türleri Penicillium commune, P. verrucosum, P. roqueforti, P. palitans, Aspergillus flavus ve Geotrichum candidum olarak belirlenmiştir. Sorbik asit veya bunların tuzları, bozulma etmeni küflerin önlenmesi için peynir yüzeylerine uygulanmaktadır. Bazı sentetik gıda katkılarının kullanımıyla ilgili gıda endüstrisi ve mevzuatı oluşturan kuruluşlar tarafından getirilen kısıtlamalar doğal antimikrobiyel bileşikler üzerine araştırmaların doğmasına neden olmuştur. Bitki ve baharat, gıdaların mikrobiyolojik güvenliğini sağlayan etkili bileşiklere sahiptir. Salvia officinalis (ada çayı), Laurus nobilis (defne), Cinnamomum zeylanicum (tarçın), Thymus vulgaris (kekik), Cymbopogon citratus (limon otu), Origanum vulgare (keklik otu) esansiyel yağları, bozulma etmeni küf şorasını inhibe edebilmiştir. Thymol ve karanfil esansiyel yağlarının Çedar peynirinde P. citrinum, Kaşar peynirinde A. flavus; zeytin yaprağı ekstraklarının, Tulum peynirinde A. niger, P. citrinum ve P. roqueforti, beyaz peynirde Mucor rocemosus’un gelişimini inhibe edebildiği bildirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Peynir, kontamine küfler, esansiyel yağ

Kaynakça

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