FUNGAL SPECIES CAUSING EAR ROT IN CORN AND OCCURRED MYCOTOXINS IN CORN

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 44 Sayı: 6, 1197 - 1209, 06.10.2019

İşılay Lavkor

https://doi.org/10.15237/gida.GD19094

Cited By: 1

Öz

The aim of this study was to determine fungal factors
causing ear rot and the detection of toxin contamination levels in main and
second crops corn during harvest periods in Adana between 2015-2016. Totally
134 corn fields were sampled during the survey studies and Fusarium,
Aspergillus and Penicillium were isolated from the corn grains. Aspergillus
flavus, A. terreus A. niger, Fusarium verticillioides, F. graminearum,
F. culmorum, Penicillium verrucosum and P. carneum were identified
according to the morphological characteristics of these isolated fungi.
Competitive Direct Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (CD-ELISA) analysis was
performed for mycotoxin (aflatoxin, T-2, zearalenone, ochratoxin) detection of
the corn samples. As a result of the mycotoxin analysis, 0.3-72.6 μg/kg
aflatoxin was found in 48 corn samples, 1.5–75.0 μg/kg T-2 was seen in 48 corn
samples, 3.4–551.9 μg/kg Zearalenone was observed in 134 corn samples, and
finally 1.0–6.5 μg/kg ochratoxin was determined in 15 corn samples.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Aflatoxin, T-2, zearalenone, ochratoxin, mycotoxin, corn, ear rot

MISIRDA KOÇAN ÇÜRÜKLÜĞÜNE NEDEN OLAN FUNGAL TÜRLER VE MISIRDA OLUŞAN MİKOTOKSİNLER

Öz

Bu çalışma ile Adana ili 1. ve 2. ürün mısır alanlarında
2015-2016 yılı hasat döneminde, koçan çürüklüğüne neden olan fungal etmenler ve
bu fungal etmenler ile bulaşık mısır örneklerinde toksin bulaşma seviyelerinin
tespit edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Tarama çalışmalarında toplam 134 mısır
tarlasından örnekleme yapılmış ve elde edilen mısır tanelerinden Aspergillus,
Fusarium ve Penicillium cinsi funguslar izole edilmiştir. İzole
edilen bu fungusların morfolojik özelliklerine göre yapılan tanımlama sonucunda
Aspergillus flavus, A. terreus, A. niger, Fusarium verticillioides, F.
graminearum, F. culmorum, Penicillium verrucosum ve P. carneum türleri
belirlenmiştir. Mısır örneklerinde mikotoksin (aflatoksin, T-2, zearalenon,
okratoksin) araması için, CD-ELISA (Competitive Direct Enzyme-Linked
Immunosorbent Assay) analizi uygulanmıştır. Mikotoksin analizi sonucunda, 48
mısır örneğinde 0.3–72.6 μg/kg aflatoksin, 83 mısır örneğinde 1.5–75.0 μg/kg
T-2, 134 mısır örneğinde 3.4–551.9 μg/kg zearalenon, 15 mısır örneğinde ise
1.0–6.5 μg/kg seviyelerinde okratoksin içerikleri belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Aflatoksin, T-2, Zearalenone, Okratoksin, mikotoksin, mısır, koçan çürüklüğü

Kaynakça

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