Effects of Electrical Pre-Treatment Applications on Yield and Quality of Grape Juice (in English)

Öz

Foça Karası (Izmir-Turkey) variety red grapes are used as raw material and grape mash subjected to ohmic heating, microwave heating and conventional thermal treatment before pressing and pressed. Then grape juice samples were pasteurized at 90 °C for 1.5 minutes. After production of red grape juices; effects of ohmic heating and microwave heating treatment on the yield of grape juice were calculated. In addition anthocyanin contents, total phenolics, color (L, a, b, ∆E, ∆C) values, viscosity, pH, obrix and total acidity were analyzed before and after pasteurization. The results showed that highest yield were determined for microwave and ohmic heating applied samples; the increasing of yield was found 10% for ohmic heated samples and 15% for microwave heated samples. Microwave and ohmic heating applications before pressing step also increased anthocyanin and total phenolic compounds of grape juice comparing the control samples (P<0.05).

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Microwave heating, ohmic heating, thermal heating, mash, grape juice

Üzüm Suyu Üretiminde Elektriksel Ön İşlem Uygulamalarının Verim ve Kalite Üzerine Etkileri (İngilizce)

Öz

Araştırmada hammadde olarak Foça Karası (Izmir-Türkiye) kırmızı üzüm çeşidi kullanılmıştır. Üzüm mayşesine presleme öncesinde ohmik ısıtma, mikrodalga ısıtma ve geleneksel ısıtma uygulamaları yapılmış ve preslenmiştir. Elde edilen üzüm suları 90 °C'de 1.5 dakika süreyle pastörize edilmiştir. Üretimler sonrasında ohmik ve mikrodalga ısıtma uygularının üzüm suyu verimleri hesaplanmıştır. Ek olarak pastörizasyon öncesi ve sonrasında ki toplam antosiyanin ve fenolik madde içerikleri ile renk (L, a, b, ∆E, ∆C), viskozite, pH, obriks ve toplam asitlik değerleri belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlara göre en yüksek meyve suyu verimi mikrodalga ve ohmik ısıtma uygulanan örneklerde saptanmıştır; mikrodalga uygulaması ile %15; ohmik ısıtma uygulaması ile %10 verim artışı sağlanmıştır. Aynı zamanda ön işlem mikrodalga ve ohmik ısıtma uygulamalarıyla antosiyanin ve toplam fenolik madde içeriklerinde de kontrol grubu örneklere göre artış olduğu belirlenmiştir (P² 0.05).

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Mikrodalga ısıtma, ohmik ısıtma, termal ısıtma, mayşe, üzüm suyu.

Kaynakça

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