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The formulation and physicochemical properties of gluten free mung bean crackers

Yıl 2025, , 10 - 20
https://doi.org/10.56833/gidaveyem.1600530

Öz

Objective: Nowadays due to health problems and also personal choices of customers, there is an increase in demanding vegan, healthier and gluten free products. Therefore, in this study gluten-free and vegan cracker formulations were developed by using mung bean flour. Crackers were formulated with consideration for consumption by patients with Celiac disease and sensitive individuals to gluten.
Materials and methods: Mung bean flour was substituted in cracker formulations at ratios of 100%, 75%, 50%, 25%, and 0% with a protein-reduced gluten-free starchy mixture (PAGNK). The composition of all samples (total dry matter, protein, oil, and ash), water activity, gluten content, texture, and sensory properties were examined.
Results and conclusion: Protein and ash contents of mung bean flour substituted crackers were found higher than control sample (p<0.05). The hardness values of the mung bean flour substituted crackers were found significantly lower than control (p<0.05), while no difference (p>0.05) was observed in the rigidity values. The mung bean cracker samples were found darker as L* were less than (69.7), redder as a* values were less than (1.5) and bluer as b* was less than (22.3) in compare to control sample. It seems these results were due to darker color of mung bean flour. As a result of the sensory analyses, control sample and the two samples with 25% and 50% mung bean flour contents were got the highest general acceptability scores. As a conclusion, 25% mung bean flour substituted cracker can be promising to develop a commercial product with a high protein content and acceptability in textural, color and organoleptic properties.

Kaynakça

  • Ahlborn, G. J., Pike, O. A., Hendrix S. B., Hess, and W. M., Huber, C. S. (2005). Sensory, mechanical and microscopic evaluation of staling in low protein and gluten free breads. Cereal Chemistry, 82, 328-335. https://doi.org/10.1094/CC-82-0328.
  • Aksürmeli, Z. S. T., ve Beşirli, H. (2019). Vegan kimliğin oluşumu: vegan olmak ve vegan kalmak. Akademik Hassasiyetler, 6(12), 223-249.
  • Alpat, İ., ve Dumlu Bilgin, G. (2018). Glutensiz diyet: trend mi yoksa tedavi yöntemi mi?. International Peer-Reviewed Journal of Nutrition Research, (12).
  • AOAC. (1990). Official methods and recommended practices of the American oil chemists socity. 15th Ed., Washington.
  • AOAC. (2000). Official methods and recommended practices of the American oil chemists socity. 17th Ed., Washington.
  • Carvalho, F. R., Moors, P., Wagemans, J., and Spence, C. (2017). The influence of color on the consumer’s experience of beer. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 2205. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02205
  • Dhull, S. B., Tanwar, M., Khatkar, S. K., Chandak, A., Chawla, P., and Goksen, G. (2024). Exploring the effects of thermal and non-thermal modification methods on morphological, functional, and pasting properties of mung bean starch. Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies, 92, 103581. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifset.2024.103581
  • Duh, P. D., Yen, W. J., Du, P. C., and Yen, G. C. (1997). Antioxidant activity of mung bean hulls. Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, 74(9),1059-1063. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11746-997-0025-0
  • Ertaş, N., ve Doğruer, Y. (2010). Besinlerde tekstür. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 7(1), 35-42.
  • Fathonah, S., Amalia, B., and Humaizah, S. (2020). The formulation of alternative gluten-free mung bean biscuits. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1444(1), 012004. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1444/1/012004
  • Gökçen, M., Aksoy, Y. Ç., ve Özcan, B. A. (2019). Vegan beslenme tarzına genel bakış. Sağlık ve Yaşam Bilimleri Dergisi, 1(2), 50-54.
  • Hafidh, R. R., Abdulamir, A. S., Abu Bakar, F., Sekawi, Z., Jahansheri, F., and Jalilian, F. A. (2015). Novel antiviral activity of mung bean sprouts against respiratory syncytial virus and herpes simplex virus−1: an in vitro study on virally infected Vero and MRC-5 cell lines. BMC Complementary and Alter Medicine, 15(1), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-015-0688-2
  • Han, J. J., Janz, J. A., and Gerlat, M. (2010). Development of gluten-free cracker snacks using pulse flours and fractions. Food Research International, 43(2), 627-633. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2009.07.015
  • Hou, D., Yousaf, L., Xue, Y., Hu, J., Wu, J., Hu, X., ... and Shen, Q. (2019). Mung bean (Vigna radiata L.): Bioactive polyphenols, polysaccharides, peptides, and health benefits. Nutrients, 11(6), 1238. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11061238
  • Hoover, R., Li, Y. X., Hynes, G., and Senanayake, N. (1997). Physicochemical characterization of mung bean starch. Food Hydrocolloids, 11(4), 401-408. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0268-005X(97)80037-9
  • Karimidastjerd, A., and Kilic-Akyilmaz, M. (2021). Formulation of a low-protein rice drink fortified with caseinomacropeptide concentrate. Food and Bioproducts Processing, 125, 161-169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbp.2020.11.004
  • Küçükazman, M., Ata, N., Dal, K., ve Nazlıgül, Y. (2008). Çölyak hastalığı. Dirim Tıp Gazetesi, 83, 85-92.
  • Lawless, H. T., and Heymann, H. (2010). Sensory evaluation of food: principles and practices (Vol. 2). New York: Springer.
  • Liu, Y., Xu, M., Wu, H., Jing, L., Gong, B., Gou, M., ... and Li, W. (2018). The compositional, physicochemical and functional properties of germinated mung bean flour and its addition on quality of wheat flour noodle. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 55, 5142-5152. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-018-3460-z
  • Luo, J., Cai, W., Wu, T., and Xu, B. (2016). Phytochemical distribution in hull and cotyledon of Adzuki Bean (Vigna Angularis L.) and mung bean (Vigna Radiate L.), and their contribution to antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic activities. Food Chemistry, 201, 350–360. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.01.101
  • Nazari, E., and Gharekhani, M. (2021). Effect of replacement of rice flour with raw and sprouted mung bean Flour on phenolic compounds and physicochemical properties of gluten-Free Bread. Journal of Food Research, 31(2), 17-33. https://doi.org/10.22034/FR.2021.34235.1677
  • Özcan, A., İsmail, A. Z. A. R., Yavuz, A., Yavaş, H., Tokat, E., ve Çetin, V. (2020). Gluten analizinde HPLC, LC-MS/MS yöntemlerinin ELISA ile karşılaştırılması. Gıda ve Yem Bilimi Teknolojisi Dergisi, (24), 30-54.
  • Özkaya, F., Güner, D., Akbıyuk, T., ve Siner, N. (2022). Vegan diyeti kapsamında geliştirilen kurabiye ve tüketici algısı. Gastroia: Journal of Gastronomy and Travel Research, 6(1), 48-60.
  • Rosiana, N. M., Susianti, K. C., and Suryana, A. L. (2021). Chemical and organoleptic properties of cookies from corn flour and mung bean as a gluten-free snacks. Journal Pangan dan Agroindustri, 9(3), 181-187. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jpa.2021.009.03.6
  • Seyhan, S., Nakilcioğlu, E., ve Ötleş, S. (2024). Geleceğin alternatif protein kaynakları: bitkiler. Düzce Üniversitesi Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 12(1), 153-174.
  • Sharma, C., Singh, B., Hussain, S. Z., and Sharma, S. (2017). Investigation of process and product parameters for physicochemical properties of rice and mung bean (Vigna radiata) flour based extruded snacks. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 54, 1711-1720. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-017-2606-8
  • Shi, Z., Yao, Y., Zhu, Y., and Ren, G. (2016). Nutritional composition and antioxidant activity of twenty mung bean cultivars in China. The Crop Journal, 4(5), 398-406. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cj.2016.06.011 Sürmeli, N., ve Karabudak, E. (2019). Çölyak olmayan gluten duyarlılığı. Beslenme ve Diyet Dergisi, 47(1), 66-72.
  • Taşkın, B. (2019). Maş fasulyesi (Vigna radiata L.) ve glutensiz gıdalarda kullanım potansiyeli. Akademik Gıda, 17(4), 546-552.
  • Topaloğlu, K. (2019). Glutensiz bisküvi üretimi, Doktora Tezi. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Türkiye.
  • TS EN ISO 21415-1. (2008). Buğday ve buğday unu- Gluten içeriği- Bölüm 1: Elle yıkama metodu ile yaş gluten tayini.
  • Ulusoy, H. G., ve Rakıcıoğlu, N. (2019). Glutensiz diyetin sağlık üzerine etkileri. Beslenme ve Diyet Dergisi, 47(2), 87-92.
  • Yen, N. T. H., Huong, N. T. M., Hoa, P. N., and Van Hung, P. (2023). Incorporation of germinated mung bean flour with rice flour to enhance physical, nutritional and sensory quality of gluten‐free cookies. International Journal of Food Science & Technology, 58(1), 423-431. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijfs.15982
  • Yıldırım, A., Duran, M., ve Koç, M. (2018). Su aktivitesinin ve farklı kurutma sistemlerinin biyoaktif bileşenlerin stabiliteleri üzerine etkisi. GIDA/The Journal of FOOD, 43(3), 512-522.
  • Yıldız, E. (2019). Glutensiz bisküvi üretiminde badem unu ve stevya kullanımı, Doktora Tezi, Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Türkiye.
  • Yi-Shen, Z., Shuai, S., and FitzGerald, R. (2018). Mung bean proteins and peptides: nutritional, functional and bioactive properties. Food & Nutrition Research, 62. https://doi: 10.29219/fnr.v62.1290
  • Yu, S., Wu, Y., Li, Z., Wang, C., Zhang, D., and Wang, L. (2023). Effect of different milling methods on physicochemical and functional properties of mung bean flour. Frontiers in Nutrition, 10, 1117385. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2023.1117385

Glutensiz maş fasulyesi krakerlerinin formülasyonu ve fiziko-kimyasal özellikleri

Yıl 2025, , 10 - 20
https://doi.org/10.56833/gidaveyem.1600530

Öz

Amaç: Günümüzün tüketici talepleri göz önünde bulundurulduğunda, sağlık problemleri nedeniyle veya bir tercih olarak bireylerde vegan, sağlıklı ve glutensiz ürünlerin tüketilmesine yönelik bir eğilim mevcuttur. Bu nedenle, bu çalışmada maş fasulyesi unu kullanılarak, gluten duyarlılığı olan çölyak hastalarının tüketimlerine uygun glutensiz ve vegan kraker formülasyonlarının geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Materyal ve yöntem: Maş fasulyesi unu, kraker formülasyonlarında %100, %75, %50, %25 ve %0 oranlarında proteini azaltılmış glutensiz nişastalı karışım (PAGNK) ile birlikte ikame edilmiştir. Tüm örneklerin kompozisyonu (toplam kuru madde, protein, yağ ve kül) su aktivitesi, gluten içeriği, tekstür ve duyusal özellikleri incelenmiştir.
Tartışma ve sonuç: Protein ve kül içeriği maş fasulyesi unundan üretilmiş örneklerde yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Sertlik değerlerine bakıldığında maş fasulyesi unu içeren krakerlerde kontrol örneğine kıyasla daha az sertlik değerleri elde edilmiştir (p<0,05). Kırılganlık değerlerinde bir farklılık gözlemlenmemiştir (p>0,05). Krakerlerin maş fasulyesi unu oranı artıkça daha koyu bir renge sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Duyusal analiz sonuçlarına göre en yüksek genel beğeni alan örnekler kontrol örneği ile %25 ve %50 maş fasulyesi unu kullanılarak hazırlanmış olan krakerler olmuştur. Sonuç olarak çalışmada, %25 maş fasulyesi unu ve PAGNK ile üretilen kraker ticarileşme potansiyeline sahip olan bir ürün olarak kabul edilmiştir.

Teşekkür

Bu proje, TÜBİTAK tarafından 2209-B Sanayiye Yönelik Lisans Araştırma Projeleri Destek Programı kapsamında desteklenmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Ahlborn, G. J., Pike, O. A., Hendrix S. B., Hess, and W. M., Huber, C. S. (2005). Sensory, mechanical and microscopic evaluation of staling in low protein and gluten free breads. Cereal Chemistry, 82, 328-335. https://doi.org/10.1094/CC-82-0328.
  • Aksürmeli, Z. S. T., ve Beşirli, H. (2019). Vegan kimliğin oluşumu: vegan olmak ve vegan kalmak. Akademik Hassasiyetler, 6(12), 223-249.
  • Alpat, İ., ve Dumlu Bilgin, G. (2018). Glutensiz diyet: trend mi yoksa tedavi yöntemi mi?. International Peer-Reviewed Journal of Nutrition Research, (12).
  • AOAC. (1990). Official methods and recommended practices of the American oil chemists socity. 15th Ed., Washington.
  • AOAC. (2000). Official methods and recommended practices of the American oil chemists socity. 17th Ed., Washington.
  • Carvalho, F. R., Moors, P., Wagemans, J., and Spence, C. (2017). The influence of color on the consumer’s experience of beer. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 2205. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02205
  • Dhull, S. B., Tanwar, M., Khatkar, S. K., Chandak, A., Chawla, P., and Goksen, G. (2024). Exploring the effects of thermal and non-thermal modification methods on morphological, functional, and pasting properties of mung bean starch. Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies, 92, 103581. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifset.2024.103581
  • Duh, P. D., Yen, W. J., Du, P. C., and Yen, G. C. (1997). Antioxidant activity of mung bean hulls. Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, 74(9),1059-1063. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11746-997-0025-0
  • Ertaş, N., ve Doğruer, Y. (2010). Besinlerde tekstür. Erciyes Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi, 7(1), 35-42.
  • Fathonah, S., Amalia, B., and Humaizah, S. (2020). The formulation of alternative gluten-free mung bean biscuits. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1444(1), 012004. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1444/1/012004
  • Gökçen, M., Aksoy, Y. Ç., ve Özcan, B. A. (2019). Vegan beslenme tarzına genel bakış. Sağlık ve Yaşam Bilimleri Dergisi, 1(2), 50-54.
  • Hafidh, R. R., Abdulamir, A. S., Abu Bakar, F., Sekawi, Z., Jahansheri, F., and Jalilian, F. A. (2015). Novel antiviral activity of mung bean sprouts against respiratory syncytial virus and herpes simplex virus−1: an in vitro study on virally infected Vero and MRC-5 cell lines. BMC Complementary and Alter Medicine, 15(1), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-015-0688-2
  • Han, J. J., Janz, J. A., and Gerlat, M. (2010). Development of gluten-free cracker snacks using pulse flours and fractions. Food Research International, 43(2), 627-633. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2009.07.015
  • Hou, D., Yousaf, L., Xue, Y., Hu, J., Wu, J., Hu, X., ... and Shen, Q. (2019). Mung bean (Vigna radiata L.): Bioactive polyphenols, polysaccharides, peptides, and health benefits. Nutrients, 11(6), 1238. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11061238
  • Hoover, R., Li, Y. X., Hynes, G., and Senanayake, N. (1997). Physicochemical characterization of mung bean starch. Food Hydrocolloids, 11(4), 401-408. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0268-005X(97)80037-9
  • Karimidastjerd, A., and Kilic-Akyilmaz, M. (2021). Formulation of a low-protein rice drink fortified with caseinomacropeptide concentrate. Food and Bioproducts Processing, 125, 161-169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fbp.2020.11.004
  • Küçükazman, M., Ata, N., Dal, K., ve Nazlıgül, Y. (2008). Çölyak hastalığı. Dirim Tıp Gazetesi, 83, 85-92.
  • Lawless, H. T., and Heymann, H. (2010). Sensory evaluation of food: principles and practices (Vol. 2). New York: Springer.
  • Liu, Y., Xu, M., Wu, H., Jing, L., Gong, B., Gou, M., ... and Li, W. (2018). The compositional, physicochemical and functional properties of germinated mung bean flour and its addition on quality of wheat flour noodle. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 55, 5142-5152. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-018-3460-z
  • Luo, J., Cai, W., Wu, T., and Xu, B. (2016). Phytochemical distribution in hull and cotyledon of Adzuki Bean (Vigna Angularis L.) and mung bean (Vigna Radiate L.), and their contribution to antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic activities. Food Chemistry, 201, 350–360. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.01.101
  • Nazari, E., and Gharekhani, M. (2021). Effect of replacement of rice flour with raw and sprouted mung bean Flour on phenolic compounds and physicochemical properties of gluten-Free Bread. Journal of Food Research, 31(2), 17-33. https://doi.org/10.22034/FR.2021.34235.1677
  • Özcan, A., İsmail, A. Z. A. R., Yavuz, A., Yavaş, H., Tokat, E., ve Çetin, V. (2020). Gluten analizinde HPLC, LC-MS/MS yöntemlerinin ELISA ile karşılaştırılması. Gıda ve Yem Bilimi Teknolojisi Dergisi, (24), 30-54.
  • Özkaya, F., Güner, D., Akbıyuk, T., ve Siner, N. (2022). Vegan diyeti kapsamında geliştirilen kurabiye ve tüketici algısı. Gastroia: Journal of Gastronomy and Travel Research, 6(1), 48-60.
  • Rosiana, N. M., Susianti, K. C., and Suryana, A. L. (2021). Chemical and organoleptic properties of cookies from corn flour and mung bean as a gluten-free snacks. Journal Pangan dan Agroindustri, 9(3), 181-187. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jpa.2021.009.03.6
  • Seyhan, S., Nakilcioğlu, E., ve Ötleş, S. (2024). Geleceğin alternatif protein kaynakları: bitkiler. Düzce Üniversitesi Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 12(1), 153-174.
  • Sharma, C., Singh, B., Hussain, S. Z., and Sharma, S. (2017). Investigation of process and product parameters for physicochemical properties of rice and mung bean (Vigna radiata) flour based extruded snacks. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 54, 1711-1720. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-017-2606-8
  • Shi, Z., Yao, Y., Zhu, Y., and Ren, G. (2016). Nutritional composition and antioxidant activity of twenty mung bean cultivars in China. The Crop Journal, 4(5), 398-406. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cj.2016.06.011 Sürmeli, N., ve Karabudak, E. (2019). Çölyak olmayan gluten duyarlılığı. Beslenme ve Diyet Dergisi, 47(1), 66-72.
  • Taşkın, B. (2019). Maş fasulyesi (Vigna radiata L.) ve glutensiz gıdalarda kullanım potansiyeli. Akademik Gıda, 17(4), 546-552.
  • Topaloğlu, K. (2019). Glutensiz bisküvi üretimi, Doktora Tezi. Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Türkiye.
  • TS EN ISO 21415-1. (2008). Buğday ve buğday unu- Gluten içeriği- Bölüm 1: Elle yıkama metodu ile yaş gluten tayini.
  • Ulusoy, H. G., ve Rakıcıoğlu, N. (2019). Glutensiz diyetin sağlık üzerine etkileri. Beslenme ve Diyet Dergisi, 47(2), 87-92.
  • Yen, N. T. H., Huong, N. T. M., Hoa, P. N., and Van Hung, P. (2023). Incorporation of germinated mung bean flour with rice flour to enhance physical, nutritional and sensory quality of gluten‐free cookies. International Journal of Food Science & Technology, 58(1), 423-431. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijfs.15982
  • Yıldırım, A., Duran, M., ve Koç, M. (2018). Su aktivitesinin ve farklı kurutma sistemlerinin biyoaktif bileşenlerin stabiliteleri üzerine etkisi. GIDA/The Journal of FOOD, 43(3), 512-522.
  • Yıldız, E. (2019). Glutensiz bisküvi üretiminde badem unu ve stevya kullanımı, Doktora Tezi, Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi Türkiye.
  • Yi-Shen, Z., Shuai, S., and FitzGerald, R. (2018). Mung bean proteins and peptides: nutritional, functional and bioactive properties. Food & Nutrition Research, 62. https://doi: 10.29219/fnr.v62.1290
  • Yu, S., Wu, Y., Li, Z., Wang, C., Zhang, D., and Wang, L. (2023). Effect of different milling methods on physicochemical and functional properties of mung bean flour. Frontiers in Nutrition, 10, 1117385. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2023.1117385
Toplam 36 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Gıda Mühendisliği
Bölüm Özgün Araştırmalar
Yazarlar

Atefeh Karimidastjerd 0000-0003-2163-2608

Hasan Buğra Geçici 0009-0005-7450-525X

Diren Duran 0009-0001-1525-7111

Ece Ercan 0009-0000-1281-7630

Lara İldan 0009-0003-0006-9446

Zehra Esin Pehlivan 0009-0004-0390-9217

Doç. Dr. Ömer Said Toker 0000-0002-7304-2071

Serdar Maraşlı 0000-0002-5044-0595

Yayımlanma Tarihi
Gönderilme Tarihi 4 Aralık 2023
Kabul Tarihi 10 Temmuz 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025

Kaynak Göster

APA Karimidastjerd, A., Geçici, H. B., Duran, D., Ercan, E., vd. (t.y.). Glutensiz maş fasulyesi krakerlerinin formülasyonu ve fiziko-kimyasal özellikleri. Gıda Ve Yem Bilimi Teknolojisi Dergisi(33), 10-20. https://doi.org/10.56833/gidaveyem.1600530

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Gıda ve Yem Bilimi-Teknolojisi Dergisi  CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 lisansı altında lisanslanmıştır
 Journal of Food and Feed Science-Technology is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND 4.0