Yaygın Olarak Tüketilen Allium Türlerinin Öne Çıkan Özellikleri ve İnsan Sağlığına Etkileri

Yıl 2019, Sayı: 21, 1 - 8, 25.02.2019

İlker Atik Harun Dıraman

Öz

Öz

Amaç: Günlük hayatta tükettiğimiz
işlenmemiş doğal yiyecek ve içeceklerde yüksek oranda hastalıklara iyi gelen
bileşenler bulunmaktadır. Bu bileşenleri yüksek oranda içeren gruplardan bir
tanesi de Allium cinsine ait
bitkilerdir. Normal şartlar altında çiğ veya pişmiş olarak sıklıkla
tükettiğimiz; soğan, sarımsak, pırasa gibi sebzeler bu grupta yer almaktadır.
İçerdikleri fenolik bileşikler, vitaminler, yağ asitleri, elzem aminoasitler,
glikozitler gibi bileşikler bu ürünlerin sağlık açısından bir hayli önemli olduğunu
göstermektedir. Bu derlemenin amacı Allium
cinsine giren ve en çok tüketilen üç önemli tür olan soğan (Allium cepa), sarımsak (Allium sativum) ve pırasada (Allium porrum) bulunan sağlık açısından
faydalı bileşenlerin neler olduğunu ve hangi rahatsızlıklara iyi geldiğini
bilimsel literatüre dayandırarak özetlemektir.

Materyal
ve Yöntem: Bu
makalede Allium türlerinden özellikle
soğan, sarımsak ve pırasadaki biyoaktif bileşenlerin neler olduğu ve insan
sağlığı üzerine nasıl etki gösterdikleri konularında yapılan çalışmalar sistematik
bir şekilde derlenmiştir.

Bulgular: Yüksek antioksidan ve
antimikrobiyal özelliklere sahip bu bitkilerin insan sağlığı açısından önemli
olduğu yapılan klinik çalışmalarla kanıtlanmıştır.

Sonuç: Bu çalışmaların sonuçlarına
bakıldığında soğan, sarımsak, pırasa gibi bitkilerde bulunan kuersetin,
allisin, kaempferol gibi bileşenler; kardiyovasküler rahatsızlıklardan
kolesterole, diyabetten tümör oluşumuna kadar çeşitli hastalıkların tedavisinde
olumlu sonuçlar elde edilmesini sağlamıştır.

Abstract

Objective: Natural foodstuffs consumed
daily contain compounds which are recuperative for healing of diseases. Plants
belong to genus Allium contain these components highly. Vegetables often
consumed raw or cooked like onion, garlic, leek are included in this group.
Compounds they contain such as phenolic compounds, vitamins, fatty acids, essential
amino acids, glycosides show that these products are very important for health.
The aim of this study is to summarize, based on scientific literature, the
components good for health found in three of most consumed species belonged to
the genus Allium as onion (Allium cepa),
garlic (Allium sativum) and leek (Allium porrum) and the kinds of
disorders which of these components are good for healing them.

Materials
and Methods: In
this article, the studies on the bioactive components of Allium species, especially onion, garlic and leek and how they act
on human health have been systematically reviewed.

Results: Clinical studies have proven
that these plants, which have high antioxidant and antimicrobial properties,
are important for human health.

Conclusion: Components like quercetin,
allicin, kaempferol have provided to obtain positive results in the treatment
of various diseases from cardiovascular disorders to cholesterol, from diabetes
to tumor formation.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Allium, Kuersetin, Allisin, Kaempferol, Sağlık

Kaynakça

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