Biyosensörler

Yıl 2020, , 51 - 60, 30.12.2020

Merve Keskin Fatma Arslan

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4317958

Öz

Biyosensörler, analitlerin derişimi ile orantılı ölçülebilir sinyal elde edebilmek amacıyla bir biyolojik
algılayıcı ve fiziksel dönüştürücü ile birleştirilmiş cihazlardır. Biyosensörler yüksek duyarlıklı, hızlı cevap
süresine sahip, basit ve ucuz cihazlardır. Bu nedenle biyosensörler teşhis ve tedavide birden çok kullanım
alanına sahiptir. Biyosensörlerin çeşitli uygulamaları arasında gıda teknolojisi, biyoteknoloji, genetik
mühendisliği, nanoteknoloji, kanser dâhil tıbbi teşhisler, enzim çalışmaları, antikor çalışmaları ve DNA
çalışmaları bulunmaktadır. Biyosensörlerin tasarımında enzimler, nükleik asitler gibi biyomateryaller
kullanılabildiği gibi doğrudan doku veya mikroorganizmaların da kullanılması mümkündür. Biyosensörlerin
tasarımında farklı dönüştürücü türleri kullanılmakla birlikte yaygın olarak elektrokimyasal dönüştürücüler
kullanılmaktadır. Biyosensörlerin kablosuz sistemlerle birleştirilerek uzaktan, hızlı, yüksek doğrulukta
verilerin elde edilmesi de sağlanmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Biyosensör, Amperometri, Enzim

Kaynakça

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