EN
TR
Architectural Design for Active Shooter Preparedness: A Simulation-Based Systematic Review
Öz
Active shooter incidents (ASIs) pose a grave threat to occupant safety in built environments. This systematic review methodically examines research on building design strategies to mitigate ASI risks and enhance occupant safety, with a particular emphasis on studies utilizing simulation modeling. Employing the PRISMA framework, we analyzed 75 relevant studies published since 2000. The review synthesizes findings across key themes, including: the impact of exit design and spatial configuration on evacuation efficiency; the effectiveness of security features such as access control, surveillance systems, and bullet-resistant materials; and the role of communication systems in facilitating information sharing and emergency response. We critically evaluate the strengths and limitations of different simulation modeling approaches, highlighting their contributions to understanding human behavior dynamics and informing evidence-based design strategies. The review also identifies knowledge gaps and future research directions for optimizing building design to enhance occupant safety and resilience during ASIs.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- [1] Active Shooter Incidents In The United States In 2021. (2022).
- [2] Lankford, A. (2016). Public Mass Shooters and Firearms: A Cross-National Study of 171 Countries. Violence and Victims, 31(2), 187–199. https://doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.VV-D-15-00093
- [3] Blair, J. P., Nichols, T., Burns, D., & Curnutt, J. R. (2013). Active Shooter Events and Response. CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/b14996
- [4] Fox, J. A. (2024). Trends in U.S. Mass Shootings: Facts, Fears and Fatalities. Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 40(1), 65–81. https://doi.org/10.1177/10439862231189987
- [5] When the Shooting Stops - The Impact of Gun Violence on Survivors in America. (2024). Everytown Research & Policy. https://everytownresearch.org/report/the-impact-of-gun-violence-on-survivors-in-america/ [6] Draper Lowe, L. (2022). Active Shooter in the Workplace: A Brief Guide for Occupational Health Nurses. Workplace Health & Safety, 70(3), 174–174. https://doi.org/10.1177/21650799211062806 [7] Krouse, W. J., & Richardson, D. J. (2015). Mass Murder with Firearms: Incidents and Victims, 1999-2013.
Ayrıntılar
Birincil Dil
İngilizce
Konular
Mimarlık (Diğer)
Bölüm
Derleme
Yazarlar
Yayımlanma Tarihi
29 Mart 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi
13 Aralık 2024
Kabul Tarihi
27 Mart 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı
Yıl 2025 Cilt: 13 Sayı: 1
APA
Topraklı, A. Y., & Satır, M. S. (2025). Architectural Design for Active Shooter Preparedness: A Simulation-Based Systematic Review. Gazi University Journal of Science Part B: Art Humanities Design and Planning, 13(1), 97-122. https://izlik.org/JA96UG96NR
AMA
1.Topraklı AY, Satır MS. Architectural Design for Active Shooter Preparedness: A Simulation-Based Systematic Review. GUJSPB. 2025;13(1):97-122. https://izlik.org/JA96UG96NR
Chicago
Topraklı, Abdurrahman Yağmur, ve Muhsin Selçuk Satır. 2025. “Architectural Design for Active Shooter Preparedness: A Simulation-Based Systematic Review”. Gazi University Journal of Science Part B: Art Humanities Design and Planning 13 (1): 97-122. https://izlik.org/JA96UG96NR.
EndNote
Topraklı AY, Satır MS (01 Mart 2025) Architectural Design for Active Shooter Preparedness: A Simulation-Based Systematic Review. Gazi University Journal of Science Part B: Art Humanities Design and Planning 13 1 97–122.
IEEE
[1]A. Y. Topraklı ve M. S. Satır, “Architectural Design for Active Shooter Preparedness: A Simulation-Based Systematic Review”, GUJSPB, c. 13, sy 1, ss. 97–122, Mar. 2025, [çevrimiçi]. Erişim adresi: https://izlik.org/JA96UG96NR
ISNAD
Topraklı, Abdurrahman Yağmur - Satır, Muhsin Selçuk. “Architectural Design for Active Shooter Preparedness: A Simulation-Based Systematic Review”. Gazi University Journal of Science Part B: Art Humanities Design and Planning 13/1 (01 Mart 2025): 97-122. https://izlik.org/JA96UG96NR.
JAMA
1.Topraklı AY, Satır MS. Architectural Design for Active Shooter Preparedness: A Simulation-Based Systematic Review. GUJSPB. 2025;13:97–122.
MLA
Topraklı, Abdurrahman Yağmur, ve Muhsin Selçuk Satır. “Architectural Design for Active Shooter Preparedness: A Simulation-Based Systematic Review”. Gazi University Journal of Science Part B: Art Humanities Design and Planning, c. 13, sy 1, Mart 2025, ss. 97-122, https://izlik.org/JA96UG96NR.
Vancouver
1.Abdurrahman Yağmur Topraklı, Muhsin Selçuk Satır. Architectural Design for Active Shooter Preparedness: A Simulation-Based Systematic Review. GUJSPB [Internet]. 01 Mart 2025;13(1):97-122. Erişim adresi: https://izlik.org/JA96UG96NR