Optimization of Array Design in Photovoltaic Power Plants Using the Taguchi and ANOVA Analysis

Abstract

Fossil fuels, predominant in fulfilling current energy demands, are implicated in global warming, prompting a global shift towards renewable energy sources. Among these, photovoltaic (PV) solar power plants have garnered significant attention, experiencing a rapid surge in installed power capacity. However, a notable drawback of PV solar power plants is their considerable spatial footprint, emphasizing the pivotal role of efficient space utilization and shading mitigation in their design. Notably, pitch distance, array design, and PV type emerge as critical parameters influencing the performance of these power plants during installation. In the present study, eight distinct PV solar power plant designs were conceptualized, incorporating four different PV array configurations (2P-3P-2L-3L) and two PV types (monofacial-bifacial), each with specified orientations (portrait-landscape). Other parameters were held constant across designs. Leveraging PVsyst software, simulations were conducted for each design, yielding crucial performance metrics, including the annual energy output delivered to the grid (E-grid), performance ratio (PR), and associated CO2 emissions. Subsequently, a Taguchi analysis facilitated optimization based on these results. The outcome of this analysis identified the optimal PV array design as 3D and the optimal PV type as bifacial. Further insight was gained through an ANOVA analysis, revealing the substantial contributions of parameters to overall variability. Specifically, PV type exhibited a significant contribution of 65.27%, while PV array configuration contributed 34.72% to the observed variability in plant performance. These findings not only enhance the understanding of PV power plant design intricacies but also underscore the paramount significance of array design in achieving heightened efficiency and sustainability.

Keywords

• Photovoltaic (PV)
• PVsyst
• Optimization
• Taguchi
• ANOVA

Taguchi ve ANOVA Analizi Kullanılarak Fotovoltaik Enerji Santrallerinde Dizi Tasarımının Optimizasyonu

Öz

Mevcut enerji taleplerinin karşılanmasında ağırlıklı olarak kullanılan fosil yakıtlar, küresel ısınmaya neden olmakta ve yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarına doğru küresel bir yönelime yol açmaktadır. Bunlar arasında fotovoltaik (PV) güneş enerjisi santralleri büyük ilgi görmüş ve kurulu güç kapasitesinde hızlı bir artış yaşanmıştır. Bununla birlikte, PV güneş enerjisi santrallerinin kayda değer bir dezavantajı, önemli alansal ayak izleridir; bu da, tasarımlarında verimli alan kullanımının ve gölgelemenin azaltılmasının önemli rolünü vurgulamaktadır. Özellikle hatve mesafesi, dizi tasarımı ve PV tipi, bu enerji santrallerinin kurulum sırasında performansını etkileyen kritik parametreler olarak ortaya çıkıyor. Bu çalışmada, dört farklı PV dizi konfigürasyonunu (2P-3P-2L-3L) ve iki PV tipini (tek yüzlü-çift yüzlü) içeren ve her biri belirli yönelimlere (portre-manzara) sahip sekiz farklı PV güneş enerjisi santrali tasarımı kavramsallaştırıldı. Diğer parametreler tasarımlarda sabit tutuldu. PVsyst yazılımından yararlanılarak her tasarım için simülasyonlar gerçekleştirildi ve şebekeye iletilen yıllık enerji çıkışı (E-şebeke), performans oranı (PR) ve ilgili CO2 emisyonları dahil olmak üzere önemli performans ölçümleri elde edildi. Daha sonra, bir Taguchi analizi bu sonuçlara dayalı optimizasyonu kolaylaştırdı. Bu analizin sonucu, en uygun PV dizisi tasarımını 3 boyutlu ve en uygun PV tipini iki yüzeyli olarak tanımladı. ANOVA analizi yoluyla daha fazla bilgi elde edildi ve parametrelerin genel değişkenliğe önemli katkıları ortaya çıktı. Spesifik olarak, PV tipi %65,27'lik önemli bir katkı sergilerken, PV dizi konfigürasyonu tesis performansında gözlenen değişkenliğe %34,72 oranında katkıda bulunmuştur. Bu bulgular yalnızca PV enerji santrali tasarımının karmaşıklıklarının anlaşılmasını geliştirmekle kalmıyor, aynı zamanda yüksek verimlilik ve sürdürülebilirliğe ulaşmada dizi tasarımının büyük öneminin altını çiziyor.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Fotovoltaik (PV)
• PVsyst
• Optimizasyon
• Taguchi
• ANOVA

Kaynakça

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