Aerosil ve Tinkal Parçacık Takviyesinin Yığın Kalıp Bileşiği (BMC) Kompozitlerin Mekanik Özelliklerine Etkisinin İncelenmesi

Öz

Fiber takviyeli plastikler (FRP) olarak bilinen kompozit malzemelerin yüksek dayanım ve düşük ağırlık gibi nitelikli özellikleri sebebi ile endüstride çok geniş kullanım alanları bulunmaktadır. Endüstrideki kullanım yerine göre FRP kompozitlerin birçok üretim yöntemi bulunmaktadır. Bunlardan biri olan yığın kalıp bileşiği (BMC) yöntemi ise belirli ölçülerde kırpılmış fiber takviyelerinin termoset matris malzemeleri ve çeşitli dolgu malzemeleri ile karıştırılarak hamur haline getirilmesi, ardından ısıtmalı metal yapılı kalıplarda şekillendirilmesi şeklinde uygulanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada elektrik panolarının üretildiği bir tesisin halihazırda üretim yaptığı reçetelerine tinkal ve füme silika (aerosil) tozları takviye edilerek son ürünlerin mekanik dayanımlarını artırmak amaçlı deneysel bir çalışma gerçekleştirilmiştir. BMC hamurların hazırlıkları aşamasında bu tozların literatürde yer alan kullanım oranları dikkate alınarak tinkal tozlarından kütlece %1 ve %2, aerosil tozlarından ise %1 ve %3 oranlarında katkı yapılmıştır. Elde edilen karışımlar FRP kompozitler için çekme ve eğme test standartlarına göre hazırlanmış olan metalik kalıplara dökülmüş ve 100°C sıcaklıkta 5 dakika süre ile kürlenmiştir. Elde edilen test numuneleri çekme, 3 nokta eğilme ve FTIR analizlerine tabi tutulmuştur. Sonuçlar incelendiğinde kütlece %2 oranında takviye edilen tinkal parçacıklarının çekme gerilmesi değerlerinde sırasıyla %4,9 ve %6,7 oranında iyileştirme sağladığı görülmüştür. Buna karşın aerosil parçacıklarının kompozit yapıyı bir miktar daha kırılgan hale getirdiği görülmüştür. Eğilme dayanımlarında ise eklenen katkıların tümünde belirli oranda iyileştirme gözlemlenirken en yüksek eğilme gerilmesi değeri kütlece %2 oranında takviye edilen aerosil katkılı numunelerde 69,98 MPa olarak not edilmiştir. Bu bulgular, tinkal ve aerosil'in BMC kompozitlerin performansını artırabilecek potansiyel katkı maddeleri olduğunu göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• BMC
• kompozit
• parçacık takviyesi
• tinkal
• aerosil

Investigation of the Effects of Aerosil and Tincal Particle Reinforcement on the Mechanical Properties of Bulk Moulding Compound (BMC) Composites

Abstract

Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP) composites find wide applications in various industries due to their high strength and low weight properties. Depending on the application in the industry, there are several manufacturing methods for FRP composites. One of these methods, Bulk Moulding Compound (BMC), involves mixing chopped fibre reinforcements with thermoset matrix and various fillers to form a dough, which is then shaped in heated metal molds. In this study, an experimental investigation was conducted with the aim of enhancing the mechanical properties of the final products by reinforcing talc and fumed silica (aerosil) powders into the recipes of a facility producing electrical panels. During the preparation stage of BMC dough, tinkal powders were added at mass ratios of 1% and 2%, and aerosil powders were added at ratios of 1% and 3%, considering the usage rates reported in the literature. After this step mixtures were poured into metallic molds which prepared according to tensile and flexural testing standards for FRP composites and cured at 100°C for 5 minutes. The obtained test specimens were subjected to tensile, three-point bending, and FTIR analyses. Upon examination of the results, it was observed that tinkal particles reinforced at a mass ratio of 2% provided the highest improvement in tensile strength (5-10%). However, aerosil particles made the composite structure somewhat more brittle. In terms of flexural strength, while improvements were observed with all reinforced additives, the highest flexural stress value was noted as 69.98 MPa in the samples reinforced with 2% aerosil by weight. These findings suggest that Tincal and Aerosil could be potential additives to enhance the performance of BMC composites

Keywords

• BMC
• composite
• particle reinforcement
• tincal
• fumed silica

Kaynakça

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