Evaluation of technical approaches in the retrofitting of historical buildings in association with conservation principles and Mardin's historical heritage

Abstract

Since historical buildings are vulnerable to strong external loads such as earthquakes, strong winds and explosions, different seismic retrofitting approaches have been developed and applied for masonry structures in recent years. This study aims to compare different retrofitting methods and to evaluate their effects and effectiveness. The study was based on a 3-stage methodology: systematic literature review, data analysis and examination of conservation regulations. Firstly, a literature review was conducted to analyse the existing literature on the retrofitting of historical buildings. In the second stage, the data of the results obtained were analysed in tables. In the last stage, the retrofitting articles within the scope of international conservation regulations are presented and the retrofitting techniques that can be applied to historical masonry structures. The condition of historical buildings possessing significant cultural heritage in Mardin was systematically analyzed. The study empirically demonstrated the feasibility of reinforcing historical masonry structures through appropriate interventions combined with technological advancements. Furthermore, it was emphasized that Mardin's historical heritage contains a substantial inventory of masonry buildings requiring retrofitting techniques. In conclusion, the development of reinforcement projects was deemed necessary for architectural heritage structures under threat of demolition.

Keywords

• Historical buildings
• retrofitting
• restoration
• architectural heritage
• Mardin

Yığma Yapılarda Güçlendirme Tekniklerinin Koruma İlkeleri ile İlişkilendirilmesi ve Mardin Tarihi Dokusunda Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Tarihi yapılar, deprem, kuvvetli rüzgâr, patlama gibi güçlü dış yüklere karşı savunmasız olduğundan, son yıllarda yığma yapılar ve elemanları için farklı güçlendirme yaklaşımları geliştirilmiştir. Yapıya uygulanacak en uygun güçlendirme yöntemini belirlemek için her bir tekniğin avantaj ve dezavantajlarının kapsamlı biçimde değerlendirilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu çalışma, farklı güçlendirme yöntemlerinin karşılaştırılmasını ve etkinliklerinin değerlendirilmesini amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada sistematik literatür taraması, verilerin analizi ve koruma tüzüklerinin incelenmesi olmak üzere toplam 3 aşamalı bir metodoloji izlenmiştir. İlk aşamada, literatür taraması ile tarihi yapıların güçlendirilmesi konusunda ilgili önemli mevcut kaynaklara yer verilmiş ve önemli bir veri sunulmuştur. İkinci aşamada elde edilen sonuçlara ait veriler tablolaştırılmıştır. Son aşamada ise uluslararası koruma tüzükleri kapsamında geçen güçlendirme maddeleri ortaya konmuş ve tarihi yığma yapılara uygulanabilecek güçlendirme tekniklerinin değerlendirmelerine yer verilmiştir. Bu değerlendirmeler ile birlikte önemli kültürel miras eserlerine sahip Mardin’deki tarihi yapıların durumu analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmada, tarihi yığma yapılarının güçlendirilmesinde teknolojik gelişmeler ile birlikte uygun müdahalelerin gerçekleştirilmesinin analiz ve deneyler ile mümkün olduğu; Mardin tarihi dokusunda güçlendirme tekniklerine ihtiyaç duyulan birçok yığma yapı stoğunun var olduğu vurgulanmaktadır. Sonuç olarak, inşa edildiği döneme ait değerlerin nesiller arası aktarımında kritik öneme sahip olan mimari miras yapılarının gerektiği durumlarda uygun güçlendirme stratejileri ve projeler ile korunması büyük önem arz etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Tarihi yapı
• güçlendirme
• restorasyon
• mimari miras
• Mardin

Kaynakça

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