Optimal Operation of a Microgrid Powered by Renewable Energy Sources with the Support of Energy Storage Systems

Abstract

The depletion of conventional fossil fuels, which are the main energy source of the electricity grid, and the international environmental concerns about them, as well as the challenges brought by the increasing installed power ratio of renewable energy sources (RES), which have an intermittent nature, in the system, are increasing the interest of system operators on the subject. Besides, especially in the first phase, the electrification of the light vehicle part of the transportation sector increases the pressure on the grid to an additional extent. In this study, a microgrid which is intended to be self-sufficient but has a grid connection, is designed to meet the load demand of electric vehicles (EV). The optimization algorithm aims to create optimum grid conditions by obtaining the amount of energy and price information that power plants offer to the system and analyzing the current conditions of load demand and energy storage (ES) systems. The economic and technical results of the algorithm designed through 4 different case studies are analyzed in terms of both producers and consumers. The results show that the supply and demand balance is achieved in all cases and economic benefits are realized in favor of the producer in some cases and the consumer in others.

Keywords

• Electric vehicle
• energy strorage
• dynamic pricing
• microgrid
• renewable energy

Yenilenebilir Enerji Kaynaklarından Beslenen Bir Mikro Şebekenin Enerji Depolama Sistemleri Desteği ile Optimum Çalışması

Öz

Elektrik şebekesinin temel enerji kaynağı olan geleneksel fosil yakıtların tükenmesi ve onlara dair uluslararası çevresel kaygılar ile süreksiz karaktere sahip yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının (YEK) sistem içerisindeki kurulu güç oranının her geçen gün artmasının getirdiği zorluklar sistem yöneticilerinin konu üzerine ilgisini artırmaktadır. Diğer yandan ulaşım sektörünün özellikle ilk aşamada hafif vasıta kısmının elektrikli hale gelmesi şebeke tarafında yükü bir miktar daha artırmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, kendine yetmesi amaçlanan fakat şebeke bağlantısı mevcut elektrikli araç (EA) yükünü de karşılayacak bir mikro şebekenin tasarımı yapılmaktadır. Oluşturulan optimizasyon algoritması ile enerji santrallerinin sisteme vermeyi teklif ettikleri enerji miktarı ve fiyat bilgisini alınıp, yük talebi ve enerji depolama (ED) sistemlerinin mevcut durumlarını analiz edilerek optimum şebeke şartlarının oluşması hedeflenmektedir. Oluşturulan 4 farklı durum çalışması üzerinden tasarlanan algoritmanın üretici ve tüketici açısından hem ekonomik hem teknik sonuçları analiz edilmektedir. Elde edilen sonuçlar oluşturulan algoritma sayesinde arz talep dengesinin tüm durumlarda sağlandığını, ekonomik faydaların ise bazı durumlarda üretici bazı durumlarda tüketici lehine gerçekleştiğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Elektrikli araç
• enerji depolama
• dinamik fiyatlama
• mikro şebeke
• yenilenebilir enerji

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