Comparison of Battery Electric Vehicles and Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles in terms of Rollover Stability

Abstract

Vehicle rollover stability is crucial, because rollover accidents have high fatality rates. In this study, battery-electric and internal combustion engine vehicles, using the same C-SUV chassis, were compared in terms of rollover stability. The vehicles were first evaluated using the static stability factor (SSF) and load transfer ratio (LTR), which are influenced by geometric characteristics and vehicle dimensions. The rollover probability of a battery-electric vehicle (BEV) was 8.4%, while the rollover probability of an internal combustion engine vehicle (CEV) was 16.6%. The rollover occurred at 15% higher lateral acceleration value for the BEV compared to the CEV, considering the LTR. The vehicles were subjected to moose tests at 50 km/h in a simulated environment to evaluate their dynamic behavior. Vehicle body roll angles revealed that the CEV had 50% greater body roll than the BEV. It was concluded that the BEV was significantly superior to the CEV in terms of rollover stability. This study is expected to form the basis for studies on converting internal combustion vehicles to battery-electric vehicles.

Keywords

• Rollover stability
• Load transfer ratio
• Static stability factor
• Battery electric vehicle
• Internal combustion engine vehicle

Bataryalı Elektrikli Araçlar ile İçten Yanmalı Motorlu Araçların Devrilme Kararlılığı Yönünden Karşılaştırılması

Öz

Devrilmeyle sonuçlanan kazalarda ölüm oranları yüksek olduğundan araçların devrilme kararlılığı önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmada; aynı C-SUV şasiyi kullanan bataryalı elektrikli ve içten yanmalı motora sahip iki araç devrilme kararlılığı açısından karşılaştırılmıştır. Araçlar öncelikle geometric özelliklerin ve araç boyutlarının etkili olduğu static stabilite faktörü (SSF) ve yük transfer oranı (YTO) vasıtasıyla değerlendirilmiştir. Bataryalı elektrikli aracın (BEA) devrilme olasılığı %8,4 iken içten yanmalı motorlu aracın (İMA) devrilme olasılığı %16,6 olmuştur. BEA’da devrilme İMA’ya göre YTO dikkate alındığında %15 daha yüksek bir yanal ivme değerinde gerçekleşmiştir. Araçlar dinamik davranışlar açısından değerlendirilmek üzere simülasyon ortamında 50 km/h hızda geyik testlerine tabi tutulmuştur. Araç gövdesi yuvarlanma açılarına bakıldığında İMA’nın gövde yuvarlanmasının BEA’ya göre %50 daha fazla olduğu görülmüştür. Devrilme kararlılığı yönünden BEA’nın İMA’ya göre üstün olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır. Bu çalışmanın, içten yanmalı araçların bataryalı elektrikli araçlara dönüştürülmesi çalışmalarına temel oluşturması öngörülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Devrilme kararlılığı
• Yük transfer oranı
• Statik stabilite faktörü
• Bataryalı elektrikli araç
• İçten yanmalı motorlu araç

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