Afete Hazırlık Davranışlarına Etki Eden Faktörlerinin İncelenmesi: Bir Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi

Öz

Afetler açısından riskli ülkelerden olan Türkiye’de yapılan mevzuat değişiklikleri, kurulan sistemler, yürütülen eğitim kampanyaları ile güvenlik açığını ortadan kaldırmak adına yapılan çalışmalar süreklilik arz etmesine rağmen toplumda kendi değer yargıları çerçevesinde oluşturulmuş bir afet hazırlığının eksikliği kendini göstermektedir. Bu bağlamda araştırmanın amacı afet hazırlık davranışlarına etki ettiği varsayılan değer, inanç ve tutum değişkenleri arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koyan yapısal bir model oluşturmaktır. Çalışmaya İzmir ilinde ikamet eden 18 yaş ve üzeri bireylerden basit seçkisiz örnekleme metodu kullanılarak belirlenen 800 kişi dahil edilmiştir. Veri toplama aracı olarak; 64 soru 5 bölümden oluşan anket formu kullanılmıştır. Araştırma soruları 5’li Likert ölçeği ile değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında açımlayıcı faktör analizi ve güvenilirlik analizlerinde SPSS 21.0, ölçüm modelinin oluşturulması, yapısal eşitlik modelinin test edilmesi, uyum indekslerinin belirlenmesi ve doğrudan-dolaylı etkilerin tespit edilmesinde AMOS 24.0 programı kullanılmıştır. Çalışma sonuçları afet hazırlık inançlarının afet hazırlık değerleri, afet hazırlık tutumları ve afet hazırlık davranışlarını doğrudan pozitif yönde etkilediğini; afet hazırlık değerlerinin afet hazırlık davranışlarını doğrudan ve dolaylı olarak pozitif yönde etkilediğini; afet hazırlık tutumlarının afet hazırlık davranışlarını pozitif yönde doğrudan veya dolaylı yönde etkilemediğini göstermiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına dayanarak afet hazırlık davranışlarında köklü değişiklikler yapılarak toplumda bir afet kültürünün oluşturulup yaygınlaştırılması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Afet
• Davranış
• Değer
• İnanç
• Tutum

Investigation of Factors Affecting Disaster Preparedness Behaviors: A Structural Equality Modeling

Öz

In Turkey, which is one of the risky countries in terms of disasters, although the changes in the legislation, the systems established, the training campaigns carried out and the efforts to eliminate the security gap are continuous, the lack of a disaster preparedness created within the framework of its own value judgments in the society shows itself. In this context, the aim of the research is to create a structural model that reveals the relationship between the values, beliefs and attitudes that are assumed to affect disaster preparedness behaviors. The study included 800 people who were determined by using simple random sampling method from individuals aged 18 and over residing in the province of Izmir. As a data collection tool; A questionnaire consisting of 64 questions and 5 parts was used. The research questions were evaluated with a 5-point Likert scale. Within the scope of the research, SPSS 21.0 was used in exploratory factor analysis and reliability analysis, and AMOS 24.0 program was used in creating the measurement model, testing the structural equation model, determining the fit indices and determining the direct-indirect effects. The results of the study showed that disaster preparedness beliefs directly and positively affect disaster preparedness values, disaster preparedness attitudes and disaster preparedness behaviors; disaster preparedness values directly and indirectly affect disaster preparedness behaviors positively; showed that disaster preparedness attitudes do not directly or indirectly affect disaster preparedness behaviors in a positive way. Based on the results of the research, it is recommended to create and disseminate a disaster culture in the society by making radical changes in disaster preparedness behaviors.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Disaster
• Behaviour
• Value
• Belief
• Attitude

Kaynakça

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