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Zihinsel Sağlığa Yönelik Şehir Politikaları: Nöroşehircilik Yaklaşımı

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 3, 736 - 748, 08.10.2024

Öz

Yeni bir disiplin olarak son yıllarda uluslararası literatürde önemli bir yer edinen “Nöroşehircilik” bilim dalının ele alındığı bu çalışma, doküman incelemesine dayalı nitel verilerden yararlanılarak oluşturulmuş teorik bir çalışmadır. Çalışmanın temel amacı, henüz ulusal literatürde yeterince yer bulamayan bu disiplini incelemek, tanıtımını yapmak ve çalışma prensibini irdelemektir. Bu doğrultuda çalışma, özellikle kentsel mekanlar, kent sosyolojisi ve kent sağlığının nöroşehircilik bağlamında değerlendirilmesine yönelik olarak önem arz etmektedir. Kentsel dezavantajlar ve kentsel stresi merkeze alan ve çözüm önerisi olarak nöroşehirciliği ön planda tutan bu çalışma sonucunda, nöroşehircilik disiplininin ilerleyen yıllarda küresel kentleşme oranının artmasına bağlı olarak hem ulusal hem de uluslararası literatürde, kentsel planlama ve uygulama politikalarında ön plana çıkacağı düşünülmektedir. Ayrıca farklı bilim dallarıyla ortaklaşa, kapsamlı çalışmaların temelini oluşturacağı ve kent araştırmaları üzerine yeni bir bakış açısı kazandıracağı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • Adli vd. (2017). Neurourbanism: towards a new discipline. The Lancet Psychiatry, 4 (3), 183-185. doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30371-6
  • Adli, M. (2011). Urban Stress and Mental Health. London, UK: London School of Economics.
  • Ansari, B. K. (2013), “Işık Kirliliği (Karanlık Kirliliği) ve Çevreye Olan Etkileri”, Çukurova Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 28 (1), 11-22.
  • Batty, M. (2018). Inventing future cites. Cambridge (Massachusetts) and London: MIT press.
  • Birişçi, T. (2013) Ekolojik Bir Sorun Olarak Işık Kirliliği. EÜZF Peyzaj Mimarlığı Bölümü, Peyzaj Ekolojisi, Ders Notları (Yayınlanmamış), Bornova.
  • Bonifácio, A., Morgado, P., Peponi, A., Ancora, L., Blanco-Mora, D. A., Conceição, M., ve Miranda, B. (2023). Musings on Neurourbanism, Public Space and Urban Health. Finisterra, LVIII(122), 63 88. doi: 10.18055/Finis29886
  • Burton, I. (1990). Factors in Urban Stress. The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare, 7 (1). 79-92. https://doi.org/10.15453/0191-5096.1928
  • Buttazzoni vd. (2022). How Do Urban Environments Affect Young People’s Mental Health? A Novel Conceptual Framework to Bridge Public Health, Planning, and Neurourbanism. Public Health Reports, 137 (1), 48-61. DOI: 10.1177/0033354920982088
  • Davis, K. (1955). The origin and growth of urbanization in the world. Am. J. Sociol., 60, 429-437.
  • De Paiva, A. (2019). What NeuroUrbanism Teaches us About our Cities. https://www.neuroau.com/post/what-neurourbanism-teach-us-about-our-cities (Erişim Tarihi: 31.12.2023).
  • European Environment Agency (2023). Urban Stress. https://www.eea.europa.eu/help/glossary/gemet-environmental-thesaurus/urban-stress (Erişim Tarihi: 24.12.2023).
  • Grahn, P., and Stigsdotter, U. A. (2003). Landscape planning and stress. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening, 2, 1-18.
  • Güler, M. (2011). Şehirsel haklar, kapitalizm ve katılım. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, 66 (1), 49-71.
  • Güreşçi, E. (2011). Türkiye’de Köyden Şehir Göç ve Düşündürdükleri. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sosyoekonomi, Özel Sayı 2011-MI, s. 126- 135.
  • Hernandez, D. C., Daundasekara, S. S., Zvolensky, M. J., Reitzel, L. R., Maria, D. S., Alexander, A. C., Kendzor, D. E., & Businelle, M. S. (2020). Urban stress indirectly influences psychological symptoms through its association with distress tolerance and perceived social support among adults experiencing homelessness. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(15), 5301. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155301
  • Jariwala H. J., Syed H. S., Pandya M. J., Gajera Y. M. (2017). Noise pollution & human health: a review. Noise and Air Pollutions: Challenges and Opportunities. Ahmedabad: LD College of. Engineering 1, 1–4.
  • Kayacan, T., ve Özmen, E. (2021). Şehirsel Stres Kavramı ve Şehirsel Stresi Azaltmak. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, (25), 295-305.
  • Kirk, M. (2016, December). How to Support Mental Health Through Urban Planning. Bloomberg. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-12-23/how-to-design-a-city-with-mental-health-in-mind (Erişim Tarihi: 30.12.2023).
  • Koene, M. (2018). Urban Stress, Research into the Reduction of Urban Stress Through Urban Design, Master Thesis, TU Delft.
  • Küçük, S. G., ve Yüceer, H. (2022). Neuroscience and the Cities: Neurourbanism. Gazi University Journal of Science Part B: Art, Humanities, Design And Planning, 10 (3), 287-301.
  • Milgram, S. (1970). The Experience of Living in Cities. Science, Vol. 167, No. 3924, 1461-1468.
  • Peen, J., R. A. Schoevers, A. T. Beekman, and J.Dekker. (2010). The current status of urban–rural dif-ferences in psychiatric disorders.Acta PsychiatricaScandinavica, 121 (2), 84–93. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2009.01438.x.
  • Pykett, J., Osborne, T. ve Resch, B.(2020). From Urban Stress to Neurourbanism: How Should We Research City Well-Being?. Annals of the American Association of Geographers, 110 (6), 1936–1951.
  • United Nations (2018). 68% of the world population projected to live in urban areas by 2050, says UN. https://www.un.org/development/desa/en/news/population/2018-revision-of-world-urbanization-prospects.html (Erişim Tarihi: 31.12.2023).
  • United Nations-HABITAT (2022). World Cities Report 2022. Envisaging the Future of Cities. https://unhabitat.org/sites/default/files/2022/06/wcr_2022.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 26.06.2024).
  • World Health Organization (2010). Whay Urban Health Matters. https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/70230/WHO_WKC_WHD_2010.1_eng.pdf?sequence=1 (Erişim Tarihi: 26.06.2024).
  • World Health Organization (2019). Mental Health Fact Sheet. WHO
  • World Health Organization (2022). World mental health report, Transforming mental health for all, https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/356119/9789240049338-eng.pdf?sequence=1 (Erişim Tarihi: 02.07.2024).
  • Yiğitbaşıoğlu, H. (1998). Şehirlerin Çevre Sorunları ve Habitat Konferansları. AÜ DTCF Dergisi, 38 (1-2), 13-29.

Urban Policies for Mental Health: Neurourbanism Approach

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 3, 736 - 748, 08.10.2024

Öz

This theoretical study, which deals with the discipline of "Neurourbanism", which has gained an important place in the international literature as a new discipline in recent years, was created using qualitative data based on document analysis. The main purpose of the study is to examine, promote and examine the working principle of this discipline, which has not yet found enough space in the national literature. In this regard, the study is especially important for the evaluation of urban spaces, urban sociology and urban health in the context of neurourbanism. As a result of this study, which focuses on urban disadvantages and urban stress and prioritizes neurourbanism as a solution proposal, it is thought that the discipline of neurourbanism will come to the fore in both national and international literature, urban planning and implementation policies due to the increase in the rate of global urbanization in the coming years. In addition, it has been concluded that it will form the basis of comprehensive studies in collaboration with different branches of science and will provide a new perspective on urban research.

Kaynakça

  • Adli vd. (2017). Neurourbanism: towards a new discipline. The Lancet Psychiatry, 4 (3), 183-185. doi:10.1016/S2215-0366(16)30371-6
  • Adli, M. (2011). Urban Stress and Mental Health. London, UK: London School of Economics.
  • Ansari, B. K. (2013), “Işık Kirliliği (Karanlık Kirliliği) ve Çevreye Olan Etkileri”, Çukurova Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 28 (1), 11-22.
  • Batty, M. (2018). Inventing future cites. Cambridge (Massachusetts) and London: MIT press.
  • Birişçi, T. (2013) Ekolojik Bir Sorun Olarak Işık Kirliliği. EÜZF Peyzaj Mimarlığı Bölümü, Peyzaj Ekolojisi, Ders Notları (Yayınlanmamış), Bornova.
  • Bonifácio, A., Morgado, P., Peponi, A., Ancora, L., Blanco-Mora, D. A., Conceição, M., ve Miranda, B. (2023). Musings on Neurourbanism, Public Space and Urban Health. Finisterra, LVIII(122), 63 88. doi: 10.18055/Finis29886
  • Burton, I. (1990). Factors in Urban Stress. The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare, 7 (1). 79-92. https://doi.org/10.15453/0191-5096.1928
  • Buttazzoni vd. (2022). How Do Urban Environments Affect Young People’s Mental Health? A Novel Conceptual Framework to Bridge Public Health, Planning, and Neurourbanism. Public Health Reports, 137 (1), 48-61. DOI: 10.1177/0033354920982088
  • Davis, K. (1955). The origin and growth of urbanization in the world. Am. J. Sociol., 60, 429-437.
  • De Paiva, A. (2019). What NeuroUrbanism Teaches us About our Cities. https://www.neuroau.com/post/what-neurourbanism-teach-us-about-our-cities (Erişim Tarihi: 31.12.2023).
  • European Environment Agency (2023). Urban Stress. https://www.eea.europa.eu/help/glossary/gemet-environmental-thesaurus/urban-stress (Erişim Tarihi: 24.12.2023).
  • Grahn, P., and Stigsdotter, U. A. (2003). Landscape planning and stress. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening, 2, 1-18.
  • Güler, M. (2011). Şehirsel haklar, kapitalizm ve katılım. Ankara Üniversitesi SBF Dergisi, 66 (1), 49-71.
  • Güreşçi, E. (2011). Türkiye’de Köyden Şehir Göç ve Düşündürdükleri. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sosyoekonomi, Özel Sayı 2011-MI, s. 126- 135.
  • Hernandez, D. C., Daundasekara, S. S., Zvolensky, M. J., Reitzel, L. R., Maria, D. S., Alexander, A. C., Kendzor, D. E., & Businelle, M. S. (2020). Urban stress indirectly influences psychological symptoms through its association with distress tolerance and perceived social support among adults experiencing homelessness. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(15), 5301. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155301
  • Jariwala H. J., Syed H. S., Pandya M. J., Gajera Y. M. (2017). Noise pollution & human health: a review. Noise and Air Pollutions: Challenges and Opportunities. Ahmedabad: LD College of. Engineering 1, 1–4.
  • Kayacan, T., ve Özmen, E. (2021). Şehirsel Stres Kavramı ve Şehirsel Stresi Azaltmak. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, (25), 295-305.
  • Kirk, M. (2016, December). How to Support Mental Health Through Urban Planning. Bloomberg. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-12-23/how-to-design-a-city-with-mental-health-in-mind (Erişim Tarihi: 30.12.2023).
  • Koene, M. (2018). Urban Stress, Research into the Reduction of Urban Stress Through Urban Design, Master Thesis, TU Delft.
  • Küçük, S. G., ve Yüceer, H. (2022). Neuroscience and the Cities: Neurourbanism. Gazi University Journal of Science Part B: Art, Humanities, Design And Planning, 10 (3), 287-301.
  • Milgram, S. (1970). The Experience of Living in Cities. Science, Vol. 167, No. 3924, 1461-1468.
  • Peen, J., R. A. Schoevers, A. T. Beekman, and J.Dekker. (2010). The current status of urban–rural dif-ferences in psychiatric disorders.Acta PsychiatricaScandinavica, 121 (2), 84–93. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2009.01438.x.
  • Pykett, J., Osborne, T. ve Resch, B.(2020). From Urban Stress to Neurourbanism: How Should We Research City Well-Being?. Annals of the American Association of Geographers, 110 (6), 1936–1951.
  • United Nations (2018). 68% of the world population projected to live in urban areas by 2050, says UN. https://www.un.org/development/desa/en/news/population/2018-revision-of-world-urbanization-prospects.html (Erişim Tarihi: 31.12.2023).
  • United Nations-HABITAT (2022). World Cities Report 2022. Envisaging the Future of Cities. https://unhabitat.org/sites/default/files/2022/06/wcr_2022.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 26.06.2024).
  • World Health Organization (2010). Whay Urban Health Matters. https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/70230/WHO_WKC_WHD_2010.1_eng.pdf?sequence=1 (Erişim Tarihi: 26.06.2024).
  • World Health Organization (2019). Mental Health Fact Sheet. WHO
  • World Health Organization (2022). World mental health report, Transforming mental health for all, https://iris.who.int/bitstream/handle/10665/356119/9789240049338-eng.pdf?sequence=1 (Erişim Tarihi: 02.07.2024).
  • Yiğitbaşıoğlu, H. (1998). Şehirlerin Çevre Sorunları ve Habitat Konferansları. AÜ DTCF Dergisi, 38 (1-2), 13-29.
Toplam 29 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Kentsel Politika, Sağlık Politikası
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Yasin Çam 0000-0001-6009-6233

Yayımlanma Tarihi 8 Ekim 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 11 Ocak 2024
Kabul Tarihi 23 Eylül 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 15 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Çam, Y. (2024). Zihinsel Sağlığa Yönelik Şehir Politikaları: Nöroşehircilik Yaklaşımı. Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 15(3), 736-748.