Potential Nutritional Approach in the Management of Type 2 Diabetes: Intermittent Fasting

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 2, 966 - 973, 29.06.2024

Rabia Sevindik Kübra Uçar M.merve Tengilimoğlu Metin

https://doi.org/10.37989/gumussagbil.1366944

Öz

Obesity plays an essential role in the formation and development of type 2 diabetes, the prevalence of which is rapidly increasing worldwide. The importance of body weight control as a component of both prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes has increased the interest in different nutritional approaches. One of these nutritional approaches is intermittent fasting methods, which includes periods of fasting and eating at varying times. Commonly practiced intermittent fasting protocols are time-restricted feeding, alternate-day fasting, and modified fasting. Intermittent fasting can provide improvement in beta cell function and decrease in fat ratio, especially by affecting glucose and lipid metabolism. Thanks to these effects, it is suggested that intermittent fasting provides an improvement in glucose tolerance and an increase in insulin sensitivity. Studies have shown that intermittent fasting methods applied in different protocols can have positive effects on metabolic parameters in individuals with type 2 diabetes risk and diagnosed with pre-diabetes or type 2 diabetes. The aim of this review is to evaluate the effects of intermittent fasting on glucose and lipid metabolism and examine its effectiveness in type 2 diabetes management based on the current literature.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Intermittent fasting, Type 2 diabetes, Energy restriction, Body weight, Blood glucose

Tip 2 Diyabet Yönetiminde Potansiyel Beslenme Yaklaşımı: Aralıklı Açlık

Öz

Dünya çapında görülme sıklığı hızla artan tip 2 diyabetin oluşumu ve gelişiminde obezite önemli rol oynamaktadır. Tip 2 diyabetin önlenmesi ve tedavisinin bir bileşeni olarak vücut ağırlığı kontrolünün önemli olması, farklı beslenme yaklaşımlarına olan ilgiyi artırmıştır. Bu beslenme yaklaşımlarından biri de değişen sürelerde açlık ve yeme periyotlarını içeren aralıklı açlık yöntemleridir. Yaygın olarak uygulanan aralıklı açlık protokolleri, zaman kısıtlı beslenme, alternatif gün açlığı ve modifiye açlıktır. Aralıklı açlık, özellikle glukoz ve lipit metabolizması üzerine etki ederek beta hücre fonksiyonunda iyileşme ve yağ oranında azalma sağlayabilmektedir. Bu etkileri sayesinde, aralıklı açlığın glukoz toleransında iyileşme ve insülin duyarlılığında artış sağladığı ileri sürülmektedir. Çalışmalar farklı protokollerde uygulanan aralıklı açlık yöntemlerinin tip 2 diyabet riski olan, pre-diyabet veya tip 2 diyabet tanısı alan bireylerde metabolik parametreler üzerinde olumlu etkilere sahip olabileceğini göstermiştir. Bu derlemenin amacı, aralıklı açlık uygulamasının glukoz ve lipit metabolizması üzerine etkilerini değerlendirmek ve tip 2 diyabet yönetimindeki etkinliğini güncel literatüre dayanarak incelemektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Aralıklı açlık, Tip 2 diyabet, Enerji kısıtlaması, Vücut ağırlığı, Kan glukozu

Kaynakça

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