Uluslararası Sistemde Ulusal Güç Aktarım Stratejisini Belirleyen Temel Parametrelerin Analizi

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 41, 31 - 71, 25.04.2022

Eyüp Akpınar

https://doi.org/10.17752/guvenlikstrtj.1050200

Öz

Uluslararası sistemde güç belirleyici bir parametre olarak kabul edilmektedir. Güç, aktarım yapılabilen bir niteliğe sahiptir. Teknolojinin gelişimi ile birlikte zaman ve mekân kavramının geçmişte ifade ettiği anlam ve boyut değişmiş, yeni güç aktarım araç ve yöntemlerinin eklenmesiyle güç aktarım stratejisi yeniden ele alınmıştır. Bu değişiklik gücün sadece fiziki değil fiziki olmayan nitelikte de aktarılabilmesini kolaylaştırmıştır. Devletler arasında iletişim olanaklarının gelişmesi ve etkileşimin artması ile yumuşak gücün sert güce alternatif olarak kullanılması için uygun koşullar oluşmuştur. Ulusal gücün etkin bir şekilde aktarımı noktasında sert ve yumuşak güç bileşenlerinin hibrit bir yapıda kullanımı ile gücün hesaplanması ve aktarımı yeni bir hüviyet kazanmıştır. Çalışmada şu sorulara cevap aranarak bir önermede bulunulacaktır. Ulusal güç aktarım stratejisini belirleyen temel parametreler nelerdir? Tarihsel süreç içerisinde güç aktarımına etki eden temel parametreler değişikliğe uğramış mıdır? Teknolojik gelişimin güç aktarım stratejisine etkisi ne yönde olmuştur? Güç aktarımının uygulanma biçimlerinde ve paradigmasında bir değişiklik yaşanmış mıdır? Güç aktarımının uygulandığı alanlarda genişleme/çeşitlenme olmuş mudur? Tüm bu sorular ışığında Soğuk Savaş sonrası dönemi içerecek şekilde tarihsel süreç içerisinde uluslararası sistemde ulusal güç aktarım stratejisine etki eden parametrelerin, güç aktarım stratejisi uygulama alanları ve biçimlerinin değişikliğe uğradığı ve bu değişimde de teknolojik gelişimin daha fazla etkili olduğu öne sürülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Güç, Ulusal Güç, Güç Aktarımı, Güç Aktarım Stratejisi, Seferi Kuvvet, İleride Konuşlu Kuvvet.

Analysis of Fundamental Parameters Determining National Power Projection Strategy in the International System

Öz

Power is accepted as a determinant parameter in the international system. Power also has a character that can be transferred. With the development of technology, the meaning and dimension of the concept of time and space have changed. Additionally, the new power projection tools and methods have shifted the traditional power projection strategy. This change facilitated the projection of power not only in physical but also in non-physical quality. With the development of communication opportunities and increasing interaction between states, suitable conditions have emerged to use soft power as an alternative to hard power. The calculation and projection of power have gained a new identity with the use of hard and soft power components in a hybrid structure at the point of effective projection of national power. In the study, a proposition will be made by seeking answers to the following questions. What are the main parameters that determine the national power projection strategy? Have the main parameters affecting power projection changed in the historical process? How has the impact of technological development on the power projection strategy? Has there been a change in the paradigm of power projection and its implementation? Has there been expansion/diversification in the areas where power projection is applied? In the light of all these questions, it is argued that the parameters affecting the national power projection strategy in the international system, the fields and forms of power projection strategy have changed in the historical process, including the post-Cold War period, and technological development has been more effective in this change.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Power, National Power, Power Projection, Power Projection Strategy, Expeditionary Force, Forward Deployed Force

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